Table 2 Comparison between different modulation schemes in terms of frame rate/display time for DMD with refresh rate of 32 kHz.

From: High speed, complex wavefront shaping using the digital micro-mirror device

Modulation\specs

Frame rate

Minimum display time

Binary (1-bit)

\(32\;{\text{kHz}}\)

\(31.25\;\upmu {\text{s}}\)

Time (8-bit)

\(125\;{\text{Hz}} = \frac{{32\;{\text{kHz}}}}{{2^{8} }}\)

\(8\;{\text{ms}} = 31.25\;\upmu {\text{s}} \times 2^{8}\)

Time (4-bit)

\(2\;{\text{kHz}} = \frac{{32\;{\text{kHz}}}}{{2^{4} }}\)

\(0.5\;{\text{ms}} = 31.25\;\upmu {\text{s}} \times 2^{4}\)

Amplitude (8-bit)

\(4\;{\text{kHz}} = \frac{{32\;{\text{kHz}}}}{8}\)

\(250\;\upmu {\text{s}} = 31.25\;\upmu {\text{s}} \times {8}\)

Amplitude (4-bit)

\(8\;{\text{kHz}} = \frac{{32\;{\text{kHz}}}}{4}\)

\(125\;\upmu {\text{s}} = 31.25\;\upmu {\text{s}} \times {4}\)