Table 1 Characteristics of the study participants (N = 1120).

From: Barriers to cognitive screening in acute stroke units

 

All

N = 1120

Cognitive screening

p-value

Yes, N = 632

No, N = 488

Male, n (%)

626 (56)

367 (58)

260 (41)

0.11†

Age, years, mean ± s.d.

72 ± 14

71 ± 13

73 ± 14

0.002

 Median (min–max)

74 (19–100)

73 (20–99)

75 (19–100)

 

TIA‡ prior to stroke, yes, n (%)

72 (6)

35 (5)

37 (7)

0.17†

Diabetes, yes, n (%)

192 (17)

104 (16)

88 (18)

0.49†

Atrial fibrillation, yes, n (%)

227 (20)

125 (20)

102 (21)

0.64†

Lived alone prior to stroke, n (%)

528 (47)

283 (45)

245 (50)

0.07†

Needed help prior to stroke, n (%)

120 (11)

41 (6)

79 (16)

< 0.001†

ADL-independent prior to stroke, n (%)

1051 (94)

613 (97)

438 (89)

< 0.001†

Stroke diagnosis n (%)

0.58†

 I 61 Cerebral haemorrhage

31 (3)

19 (3)

12 (2)

 

 I 63 Cerebral infarctions

1089 (97)

613 (97)

476 (98)

 

Admission site, n (%)

< 0.001†

 Site A

230 (20)

167 (26)

63 (13)

 

 Site B—with reperfusion treatment

513 (46)

256 (41)

257 (53)

 

 Site C

377 (34)

209 (33)

168 (34)

 

Reperfusion treatment, yes n (%)

159 (14)

74 (12)

85 (17)

0.007†

Had recurrent stroke, n (%)

50 (5)

16 (2)

34 (7)

< 0.001†

Level of consciousness at admission, n (%)

0.05

 Fully awake (RLS § 1)

1081 (97)

616 (97)

465 (95)

 

 Drowsy or unconscious (RLS 2–8)

39 (3)

16 (3)

23 (5)

 

 NIHSS, median (range)

1 (0–28)

1 (0–24)

2 (0–28)

< 0.001

Verbal output skills, n (%)

< 0.001

 Normal

430 (38)

266 (42)

164 (34)

 

 Can be understood

260 (23)

164 (26)

96 (20)

 

 Needs questions and help for communication

97 (9)

31 (5)

66 (13)

 

 Can partly communicate, but unsure

47 (4)

3 (0.5)

44 (9)

 

 Cannot collaborate enough for the conclusion

18 (2)

1 (0.5)

17 (3)

 

 Cannot communicate in any way

268 (24)

167 (26)

101 (21)

 

 Cognitive function assessed with the MoCA††, median (range)

 

25 (8–30)

  

Length of hospital stay, days, mean ± s.d./median (range)

13 ± 14/8 (1–100)

11 ± 11/7 (2–100)

16 ± 17/9 (1–100)

0.008

Discharge destination, n (%)

< 0.001†

 Own home with/without community services

882 (79)

558 (88)

324 (66)

 

 Community facility/other hospitals or units

238 (21)

74 (12)

164 (34)

 
  1. p-value: Statistical difference between the patients with (N = 632) and without (N = 488) cognitive screening; the bold text indicates statistically significant results. †Chi-squared test or Mann-Whitney U test. ‡TIA transient ischemic attack, §RLS Reaction Level Scale, NIHSS National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, ††MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment.
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