Table 3 Growth modelling results regarding the longer-term growth in friendship closeness (FCL) based on the follow-up assessments.

From: Some socially poor but also some socially rich adolescents feel closer to their friends after using social media

 

Model 2.1 (baseline)

Model 2.2 (H3)

Model 2.3 (RQ1 & RQ2)

b

β

p

95% CI

b

β

p

95% CI

b

β

p

95% CI

Fixed effects

Growth Factors

FCL Intercept

5.723

5.035

.000

[4.489, 5.700]

5.726

5.033

.000

[4.489, 5.666]

5.718

5.228

.000

[4.644, 5.940]

FCL Slope

0.000

.001

.457

[−.033, .040]

0.000

.002

.468

[−.035, .038]

0.002

.002

.456

[−.036, 0.039]

Correlations

            

Intercept & Slope

−0.009

−.068

.338

[−.321, .302]

−0.009

−.063

.348

[−.318, .298]

− 0.012

−.096

.300

[−.363, .344]

ST_SMI_FCL → Slope (H3)

    

0.066

.051

.269

[−.114, .209]

    

FS → Slope (RQ1)

        

0.021

.076

.192

[−.100, .269]

LON→ Slope (RQ2)

        

0.002

.010

.449

[−.169, .171]

ST_SMI_FCL → Intercept

    

−1.080

−.087

.033

[−.173, .005]

    

FS → Intercept

        

0.365

.148

.001

[.056, .242]

LON → Intercept

        

−0.394

−.197

.000

[−.284, −.104]

 

Model 2.1 (baseline)

 

Model 2.2 (H3)

 

Model 2.3 (RQ1 & RQ2)

σ2

p

95% CI

 

σ2

p

95% CI

 

σ2

p

95% CI

Variance (Random Effects)

FCL Intercept

1.295

.000

[1.013, 1.615]

 

1.283

.000

[1.008, 1.607]

 

1.119

.000

[0.862, 1.425]

FCL Slope

0.015

.000

[0.006, 0.026]

 

0.015

.000

[0.006, 0.026]

 

0.014

.000

[0.004, 0.027]

R2 FCL Intercept

    

0.008

.000

[0.000, 0.030]

 

0.063

.000

[0.030, 0.109]

R2 FCL Slope

    

0.004

.000

[0.000, 0.045]

 

0.015

.000

[0.001, 0.089]

  1. ST_SMI_FCL = short-term social media-induced change in friendship closeness (obtained from M1.1); FS = Friendship Support; LON = Loneliness; bs are unstandardized; βs are standardized using the STDYX Standardization in Mplus; p-values are one-tailed Bayesian p-values27; significant fixed effects are depicted in bold.
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