Table 1 Thermal and mechanical properties of the film material for bimorph actuator films.

From: Monolithic processing of a layered flexible robotic actuator film for kinetic electronics

Material

Thickness (µm)

Young's modulus (GPa)

Coefficient of thermal expansion (1/°C)

PI48

12.5

3.5

2.0 × 10−5

OPP49

20

1.9

8.0 × 10−5

Al

12

69

2.4 × 10−5

Paper

90

N.A

N.A

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