Table 1 Demographics and clinical presentation of P. knowlesi.
All patients | Patients with cluster 1 infection | Patients with cluster 2 infection | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
No. patients | 420 | 298 (72.2) | 115 (27.8) | – |
Age, (years) | 42 [31–57] | 44 [29–59] | 41 [31–56] | 0.546 |
Male | 258 (61.4) | 172 (57.7) | 79 (68.7) | 0.043 |
Iban ethnicity | 362 (86.2) | 265 (88.9) | 91 (79.1) | 0.016 |
Types of activities | ||||
Jungle | 172 (41.0) | 110 (36.9) | 58 (50.4) | |
Peri-domestic | 240 (57.1) | 183 (61.4) | 54 (47.0) | |
Peri-domestic & jungle | 8 (1.9) | 5 (1.7) | 3 (2.6) | 0.023 |
Previous malaria | 42 (10.0) | 28 (9.4) | 12 (10.4) | 0.715 |
Referral route | ||||
Directly presented to hospital | 304 (72.4) | 224 (75.2) | 77 (67) | |
Given anti-malarial at referral health center | 116 (27.6) | 74 (24.8) | 38 (33) | 0.108 |
I.V artesunate treatment at referral health center | 3 (0.7) | 1 (0.3) | 2 (1.7) | 0.087 |
Severe disease | 44 (10.5) | 35 (11.7) | 8 (7) | 0.208 |
Duration of illness (Days) | 3 [2–5] | 3 [2–5] | 4 [2–6] | 0.111 |
Pulse Rate (beats/min) | 100 [88–112] | 101 (± 18) | 99 (± 19) | 0.404 |
Respiratory Rate (breaths/min) | 21 [20–23] | 21 [20–23] | 21 [20–23] | 0.270 |
Mean arterial pressure (mm/Hg) | 93.8 (± 13.5) | 93.2 (± 13.9) | 95.2 (± 12.5) | 0.166 |
Oxygen saturations (%) | 98 [97–99] | 98 [97–99] | 98 [97–99] | 0.165 |
