Table 2 Crude and adjusted multiple logistic regression results for factors associated with INR in the NHS and AFRICOS.

From: Clinical factors and outcomes associated with immune non-response among virally suppressed adults with HIV from Africa and the United States

Characteristic

Crude ORa (95% CI)

p value

Adjusted ORb (95% CI)

p value

Natural history study

History of hypertensionc (reference group = no)

1.84 (1.32, 2.57)

< 0.001

1.71 (1.17, 2.52)

0.006

CD4 nadir (cells/µl) (per 100 cells)

0.36 (0.31, 0.41)

< 0.001

0.34 (0.29, 0.40)

< 0.001

Age at ART initiation (years)

1.04 (1.02, 1.06)

< 0.001

1.01 (0.99, 1.03)

0.517

Sex (reference group = male)

0.98 (0.54, 1.78)

0.953

0.68 (0.35, 1.33)

0.257

African cohort study

History of hypertensionc (reference group = no)

0.88 (0.57, 1.34)

0.542

0.59 (0.36, 0.95)

0.301

CD4 nadir (cells/µl) (per 100 cells)

0.50 (0.43,0.58)

< 0.001

0.48 (0.40, 0.57)

< 0.001

Age at ART initiation (years)

1.04 (1.03, 1.06)

< 0.001

1.05 (1.03. 1.06)

< 0.001

Sex (reference group = male)

0.35 (0.26, 0.48)

< 0.001

0.52 (0.37, 0.72)

0.001

  1. aCrude ORs were calculated for all factors with significant differences by immune response status as per chi-squared and Wilcox–Mann–Whitney tests (p < 0.05).
  2. bStepwise selection was used to create the adjusted logistic regression model. Factors significant in the crude analyses that were not significant in the adjusted models included: Age at ART initiation (NHS); time from HIV + to ART initiation (both cohorts); time from ART initiation to sustained VS (both cohorts); history of depression (NHS); history of diabetes (NHS); history of chronic HBV (NHS); poor ART adherence (NHS); history of AIDS event (both cohorts) and history of SNAE before sustained (NHS).
  3. cDefined as a diagnosis occurring before sustained VS was achieved.
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