Table 5 Associations of change in biomarker levels with rhythm status after cardioversion.

From: Biomarkers associated with rhythm status after cardioversion in patients with atrial fibrillation

Model

Predictor

Change in BMP10, ng/mL

Change in NT-proBNP, pg/mL

Change in total bilirubin, umol/L

β (95% CI)

Standardized β (95% CI)c

P value

β (95% CI)

Standardized β (95% CI)

P value

β (95% CI)

Standardized β (95% CI)

P value

Univariable

 − 4.25 (− 6.40 to − 2.10)

 − 1.97 (− 2.96 to − 0.97)

 < 0.001

 − 0.005 (− 0.007 to − 0.003)

 − 3.93 (− 5.63 to − 2.23)

 < 0.001

 − 0.24 (− 0.43 to − 0.04)

 − 0.85 (− 1.56 to − 0.15)

0.018

Adjusted for age and sex

 − 4.39 (− 6.62 to − 2.15)

 − 2.03 (− 3.06 to − 1.00)

 < 0.001

 − 0.005 (− 0.007 to − 0.003)

 − 3.98 (− 5.75 to − 2.22)

 < 0.001

 − 0.26 (− 0.48 to − 0.04)

 − 0.95 (− 1.71 to − 0.20)

0.014

Multivariable model 1a

 − 5.30 (− 8.08 to − 2.53)

 − 2.47 (− 3.76 to − 1.18)

 < 0.001

 − 0.006 (− 0.009 to − 0.003)

 − 4.67 (− 6.90 to − 2.43)

 < 0.001

 − 0.26 (− 0.49 to − 0.03)

 − 0.92 (− 1.74 to − 0.09)

0.029

Multivariable model 2b

 − 8.08 (− 13.32 to − 2.83)

 − 3.85 (− 6.34 to − 1.35)

0.003

 − 0.01 (− 0.02 to − 0.002)

 − 5.84 (− 10.22 to − 1.47)

0.009

 − 0.36 (− 0.75 to 0.04)

 − 1.32 (− 2.77 to 0.13)

0.08

  1. Estimates were obtained from logistic regression models where rhythm status at follow-up was the dependent variable and change of biomarker was the independent variable. All models were adjusted for biomarker levels at baseline.
  2. aAdjusted for age (years), sex, BMI (kg/m2), smoking status (active, past, never), hypertension (yes vs no), heart failure (yes vs no).
  3. bMultivariable model 1, plus change in clinical parameters (diastolic BP, average heart rate, max. heart rate).
  4. cStandardized β coefficients are defined as per 1-SD decrease in biomarker change.
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