Figure 7

Correlations between real and estimated changes in BDI scores from before to after FCNef. LME-1 well explained participants’ changes in BDI scores from before to after FCNef using their changes in DLPFC-PCC rs-FC over the same time-period. This supports the idea that, with FCNef, changes in this rs-FC lead to changes in depressive symptoms. To ensure the results of LME-1 weren't simply driven by outliers, we next calculated the coefficients for changes in this rs-FC with each participant left out. For each participant, their changes in BDI scores were then estimated using the coefficients from the model from which they were left out. The estimated BDI changes correlated significantly and positively with real BDI changes (r = 0.70, p < 0.001), showing that LME-1 does not overfit and can well explain participants’ data. BDI = Beck’s Depression Inventory. rs-FC = resting-state Functional Connectivity. FCNef = Functional Connectivity Neurofeedback.