Figure 5 | Scientific Reports

Figure 5

From: Thoracolumbar epidural stimulation effects on bladder and bowel function in uninjured and chronic transected anesthetized rats

Figure 5

Responses in the rectum (2 cm past the anal verge) to T13/L2 scES. Outcome measures were: mean contraction amplitude (a), mean maximum amplitude (b), mean duration of activity (c), mean range of pressure (d), mean area under the curve (AUC, e), mean contraction frequency (f), mean winthin bout contraction counts (g), and mean non-bout contraction count (h). Group numbers were the same for all outcome measures (IF n = 7; STxF n = 8; IM n = 12; STxM n = 9). Statistical notation: Ø = within group difference, * = within On vs. Off difference, ** = between group difference intact vs transected, *** = between group difference male vs. female (within injury groups, I.e. intact male vs. Intact female). Error bars represent ± SEM.

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