Table 4 Multivariable-adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) according to tertiles (T) of dietary patterns in all adult participants stratified by waist circumference, Amol Cohort Study, Iran, 2016–2017 (n = 3220).

From: Favorable association between Mediterranean diet (MeD) and DASH with NAFLD among Iranian adults of the Amol Cohort Study (AmolCS)

 

DASH

MeD

Tertile 1

Tertile 2

Tertile 3

Ptrend

Tertile 1

Tertile 2

Tertile 3

Ptrend

NAFLD compared with non-NAFLD

Non_abdominal obesity

NAFLD cases (N, %)

134 (43.8)

97 (31.7)

75 (24.5)

 

166 (54.2)

88 (28.8)

52 (17)

 

 Model 1

Ref

1.07 (CI 0.80–1.45)

0.89 (CI 0.65–1.23)

0.57

Ref

1.01 (CI 0.75–1.36)

0.63 (CI 0.45–0.90)

0.05

 Model 2

Ref

1.05 (CI 0.78–1.43)

0.85 (CI 0.61–1.18)

0.39

Ref

0.98 (CI 0.72–1.33)

0.64 (CI 0.45–0.92)

0.05

 Model 3

Ref

1.03 (CI 0.76–1.40)

0.87 (CI 0.63–1.21)

0.40

Ref

0.96 (CI 0.71–1.31)

0.64 (CI 0.45–0.91)

0.04

NAFLD compared with non-NAFLD

Abdominal obesity

Abdominal obesitya cases

497 (43.9)

357 (31.6)

277 (24.5)

 

600 (53.1)

343 (30.3)

188 (16.6)

 

 Model 1

Ref

0.95 (CI 0.75–1.21)

0.76 (CI 0.59–0.96)

0.03

Ref

1.16 (CI 0.92–1.46)

0.65 (CI 0.50–0.84)

0.05

 Model 2

Ref

0.98 (CI 0.77–1.25)

0.76 (CI 0.59–0.98)

0.04

Ref

1.21 (CI 0.95–1.55)

0.64 (CI 0.49–0.83)

0.07

 Model 3

Ref

0.97 (CI 0.76–1.24)

0.75 (CI 0.57–0.97)

0.04

Ref

1.17 (CI 0.92–1.50)

0.62 (CI 0.47–0.81)

0.03

  1. DASH: dietary approaches to stop hypertension, MeD: Mediterranean diet, Ref: reference category.
  2. Model 1: adjusted for age and sex.
  3. Model 2: additional adjustment for BMI, energy intake, physical activity, and smoking.
  4. Model 3: additional adjustment for Lowering serum lipid drugs, Lowering HPTN drugs, Lowering serum glucose drugs, residual areas, heart disease, diabetes.
  5. aAbdominal obesity: waist circumference > 102 cm for men and > 88 cm for women.
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