Figure 1 | Scientific Reports

Figure 1

From: Investigating physical and mechanical properties of nest soils used by mud dauber wasps from a geotechnical engineering perspective

Figure 1

Nest construction process of black and yellow mud dauber: (a) a mud dauber collects and forms soil into a soil ball and (b) plasters the soil ball on the nest; (c) nest cells are provisioned with spiders; and (d) a mud dauber closes the opening of the cell using collected soil. (a): photo courtesy of an author named Hglu1 via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sceliphron_caementarium#/media/File:20100710.MudDauber-SceliphronCaementarium.Hannibal.jpg. The photo is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported license. The license terms can be found on the following link: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en. (b), (c), and (d): photo courtesy of authors named mnwild, Patrick Coin, and Ricardo Arredondo T. via https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/39302921, https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/8419859, and https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/10717949. These photos are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license. The license terms can be found on the following link: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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