Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study patients.

From: High prevalence of occult left ventricular diastolic dysfunction detected by exercise stress test in systemic sclerosis

 

Occult-LVDD

(n = 13)

Non-LVDD

(n = 32)

P value

Age, years

68 ± 9

60 ± 14

0.023

Sex, male/female

2/11

4/28

0.567

BMI, kg/m2

22.7 ± 2.2

21.9 ± 4.1

0.924

Duration from diagnosis, (years)

4 (2–8)

8 (3–14)

0.179

6-min walk distance, (m)

409 (380–473)

358 (280–474)

0.280

Co-morbidities

Hypertension, n, (%)

7, (54)

12, (38)

0.341

Hyperlipidaemia, n, (%)

3, (23)

4, (13)

0.394

Diabetes mellitus, n, (%)

2, (15)

2, (6)

0.567

Atrial fibrillation, n, (%)

2, (15)

1, (3)

0.196

Interstitial lung disease, n, (%)

2, (15)

9, (28)

0.311

Number of co-morbidities

0, n, (%)

5, (38)

12, (38)

0.952

1, n, (%)

4, (31)

14, (43)

0.420

2, n, (%)

1, (8)

5, (16)

0.478

3 or more, n, (%)

3, (23)

1, (3)

0.003

Blood analysis

BNP, pg/dL

65 (41–161)

28 (17–70)

0.008

Hemoglobin, g/dL

11.6 ± 1.8

12.8 ± 1.3

0.016

Autoantibodies (n = 39)

   

Anti-nuclear + , n, (%)

9, (75)

24, (83)

0.523

Anti-centromere + , n, (%)

8, (67)

13, (45)

0.440

Anti-SCL70 + , n, (%)

1, (8)

4, (14)

0.961

Pulmonary function (n = 37)

FEV1% predicted

87 ± 19

83 ± 17

0.561

FVC % predicted

91 ± 23

89 ± 20

0.765

DLCO % predicted

63 ± 24

60 ± 18

0.678

DLCO/VA % predicted

75 ± 29

69 ± 23

0.517

%FVC/%DLCO

1.7 ± 1.1

1.6 ± 0.6

0.741

Hemodynamic parameter (flat position)

Mean RAP, mmHg

4 ± 2

3 ± 2

0.076

Systolic PAP, mmHg

30 ± 6

31 ± 7

0.646

Diastolic PAP, mmHg

8 ± 3

8 ± 4

0.898

Mean PAP, mmHg

18 ± 4

17 ± 4

0.618

PAWP, mmHg

10 ± 3

7 ± 3

 < 0.001

TPG, mmHg

8 ± 4

11 ± 4

0.045

DPG, mmHg

− 2 ± 2

1 ± 4

0.004

SaO2, %

95 ± 2

96 ± 2

0.317

SvO2, %

72 ± 4

73 ± 6

0.448

Cardiac output, L/min

4.8 ± 1.1

4.5 ± 1.5

0.479

PVR, Wood units

1.7 ± 0.8

2.5 ± 1.1

0.020

PAC, ml/mmHg

3.2 ± 0.6

2.9 ± 1.2

0.186

RC-time, sec

0.41 ± 0.13

0.55 ± 0.22

0.470

  1. Values are reported as means ± standard deviation (SD), or medians (25th, 75th interquartile ranges), where appropriate.
  2. BW, body weight; DPG, diastolic pulmonary pressure gradient; LVDD, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction; PAC, pulmonary artery compliance, PAP, pulmonary artery pressure; PAWP, pulmonary artery wedge pressure; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; RAP, right atrium pressure; RC time, the time constant of the pulmonary circulation, SaO2, O2 saturation in arterial blood; SvO2, O2 saturation in the pulmonary artery; TPG, transpulmonary pressure gradient; %FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s %predicted, %FVC: forced vital capacity %predicted, %DLCO: diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide %predicted; DLCO/VA % predicted: diffusing capacity divided by the alveolar volume.
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