Figure 3
From: Strain-induced quantum Hall phenomena of excitons in graphene
Conceptual picture of the quantum Hall effect of PMEs in graphene. The QHE PME flow, shown by the blue arrow, is generated by the PMF \(\mathbf {B}\), normal to the graphene layer, and a pseudoelectric field \(\mathbf {E}_{\mathrm {pseudo}}\) or \(-\nabla T\), or \(-\nabla \mu\), directed along the graphene layer. The QHE PME flow in the graphene layer is directed normal to \(\mathbf {E}_{\mathrm {pseudo}}\) or \(- \nabla T\), or \(-\nabla \mu\). The strain is created by the normal forces applied at two opposite boundaries and their magnitude is gradually decreased, which is indicated by the length of the plotted arrows.
