Table 1 Pedigree-based and marker-based estimates of narrow-sense heritability for a variety of traits of conifer and broadleaved tree species.

From: Metadata analysis indicates biased estimation of genetic parameters and gains using conventional pedigree information instead of genomic-based approaches in tree breeding

Species

Material

Traita

Heritability (h2)b

Genetic gain in percent (5% selection intensity)b

Reference

Pedigree-based

Marker-based

Pedigree-based

Marker-based

Picea glauca

Half-sibs

22-yr height

0.25

0.16

12.1

5.6

23

22-yr wood density

0.39

0.24

7.9

2.3

22-yr wood stiffness

0.31

0.23

13.2

6.0

22-yr microfibril angle

0.38

0.24

14.4

5.4

Full-sibs

17-yr height

0.31 (0.09)

0.12 (0.04)

11.4

5.8

28

17-yr DBH

0.15 (0.07)

0.09 (0.04)

9.3

5.5

7-yr wood density

0.25 (0.07)

0.33 (0.04)

7.1

6.4

17-yr microfibril angle

0.24 (0.07)

0.18 (0.04)

5.7

4.5

Full-sibs

16 to 28-yr height

0.26 (0.06)

0.25 (0.04)

7.6

7.2

1

16 to 28-yr DBH

0.13 (0.04)

0.13 (0.04)

5.7

6.6

16 to 28-yr acoustic velocity

0.54 (0.12)

0.41 (0.08)

10.3

8.7

16 to 28-yr needle piceol

0.57 (0.12)

0.43 (0.08)

43.4

26.6

16 to 28-yr needle pungenol

0.70 (0.13)

0.47 (0.08)

53.4

45.4

Polycross

19-yr height

0.30 (0.11)

0.20 (0.06)

5.8 (0.04)

6.4 (0.10)

17

19-yr DBH

0.27 (0.11)

0.21 (0.06)

6.8 (0.10)

9.3 (0.16)

18-yr wood density

0.42 (0.13)

0.37 (0.06)

4.4 (0.05)

5.9 (0.05)

19-yr wood stiffness

0.48 (0.14)

0.41 (0.06)

5.4 (0.05)

10.1 (0.12)

Picea mariana

Full-sibs

25-yr height

0.68

0.42

13.1

13.0

30

25-yr DBH

0.57

0.29

14.4

12.8

25-yr wood density

0.41

0.39

8.4

8.6

25-yr microfibril angle

0.74

0.43

14.9

12.8

Half-sibs

25-yr height

1.00 (0.20)

0.55 (0.09)

19.1

10.9

This study

25-yr DBH

1.00 (0.00)

0.60 (0.08)

30.6

17.9

25-yr wood density

0.80 (0.21)

0.23 (0.10)

11.6

4.0

25-yr microfibril angle

0.44 (0.20)

0.14 (0.09)

18.2

6.7

Picea abies

Full-sibs

15-yr height

0.47 (0.16)

0.22 (0.08)

16.0

8.0

2

15-yr DBH

0.00 (0.00)

0.00 (0.00)

0.0

0.0

15-yr wood density

0.25 (0.11)

0.26 (0.08)

4.1

5.1

15-yr microfibril angle

0.08 (0.06)

0.06 (0.05)

7.7

9.1

16-yr acoustic velocity

0.37 (0.12)

0.29 (0.08)

7.3

7.1

Cumulative weevil attacks

0.47 (0.12)

0.27 (0.07)

68.0

54.6

Full-sibs

17-yr height

0.13 (0.04)

0.15 (0.05)

  

45

30-yr wood density (pylodin)

0.41 (0.09)

0.34 (0.06)

30-yr acoustic velocity

0.45 (0.09)

0.37 (0.06)

30-yr wood stiffness

0.44 (0.09)

0.36 (0.06)

P. glauca × P. engelmannii

Half-sibs

38-yr height

0.35 (0.14)

0.20 (0.06)

  

43

38-yr DBH

0.05 (0.08)

0.07 (0.06)

38-yr wood density

0.38 (0.14)

0.18 (0.06)

38-yr wood stiffness

0.28 (0.12)

0.12 (0.06)

Pinus radiata

Full-sibs

8-yr branch cluster

0.17

0.18

  

59

8-yr stem straightness

0.13

0.09

Pinus sylvestris

Full-sibs

10-yr height

0.19 (0.06)

0.16 (0.06)

  

60

30-yr height

0.40 (0.09)

0.37 (0.08)

30-yr DBH

0.24 (0.07)

0.23 (0.07)

36-yr DBH

0.20 (0.07)

0.22 (0.07)

40-yr microfibril angle

0.28 (0.08)

0.24 (0.07)

40-yr wood stiffness

0.39 (0.10)

0.39 (0.09)

40-yr wood density

0.44 (0.10)

0.40 (0.09)

40-yr acoustic velocity

0.46 (0.10)

0.38 (0.08)

Pinus taeda

Full-sib clones

6-yr height

0.32 (0.02)

0.31 (0.02)

  

36,50

6-yr DBH

0.26 (0.07)

0.31 (0.02)

Pinus contorta

Full-sibs & half-sibs

10-yr height

0.24 (0.07)

0.25 (0.06)

  

61,62

12-yr wood density

0.57 (0.11)

0.47 (0.06)

12-yr microfibril angle

0.28 (0.08)

0.30 (0.07)

Pseudotsuga menziesii

Full-sibs

12-yr height

0.27

0.17

  

63

35-yr height

0.24

0.17

38-yr wood density

0.43

0.43

Eucalyptus nitens

Half-sibs

6-yr height

0.09 (0.09)

0.08 (0.05)

  

64

6-yr DBH

0.09 (0.09)

0.08 (0.05)

6-yr wood density

0.44 (0.13)

0.46 (0.07)

6-yr wood stiffness (1st log)

0.24 (0.11)

0.29 (0.07)

Ecalyptus benthamii

Half-sibs

4.6-yr height

0.09

0.00

  

65

4.6-yr DBH

0.33

0.18

4.6-yr volume

0.30

0.14

Eucalyptus pellita

Half-sibs

54-month height

0.49 (0.19)

0.13 (0.06)

  

66

54-month DBH

0.01 (0.08)

0.07 (0.05)

61-month kraft pulp yield

0.43 (0.18)

0.10 (0.06)

E. grandis × E. urophylla

Full-sib hybrids

3-yr height

0.42

0.41

  

44

3-yr wood density

0.59

0.56

3-yr height

0.48

0.39

3.7-yr wood density

0.42

0.34

Outbred F2 full-sib hybrids

3-yr mean annual increment

0.33

0.26

  

67

3-yr basic wood density

0.69

0.67

5-yr screened pulp yield

0.46

0.37

Full-sib hybrids

6-yr height

0.10 (0.05)

0.19 (0.05)

  

51

6-yr circumference at breast height

0.09 (0.04)

0.18 (0.04)

5-yr basic wood density

0.23 (0.04)

0.35 (0.05)

5-yr pulp yield

0.27 (0.05)

0.46 (0.05)

E. grandis × E. urophylla, E.grandis × camaldulensis

F1 hybrids, Backcross, F2 hybrids

5-yr height

0.09 (0.13)

0.14 (0.06)

  

68

5-yr DBH

0.41 (0.15)

0.23 (0.07)

5-yr mean annual increment

0.45 (0.14)

0.21 (0.07)

5-yr wood density

0.70 (0.16)

0.57 (0.05)

5-yr microfibril angle

0.11 (0.11)

0.13 (0.09)

E. urophylla × E. grandis

Full-sib hybrid clones

32-month height

0.17 (0.07)

0.15 (0.07)

  

69

Populus nigra × P. deltoides

Full-sib hybrid clones

1-yr height

0.61

0.40

  

70

2-yr height

0.73

0.51

2-yr stem circonference

0.73

0.51

  1. aDBH = diameter at breast height.
  2. bWhen reported in the original papers, standard errors in parentheses.
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