Table 1 The lower boundary (LB) and the upper boundary (UB)for each model.

From: Plant stem tissue modeling and parameter identification using metaheuristic optimization algorithms

Models

Cole

Double Cole

Double-shell

Proposed stem model

Proposed simplified stem model

LB

UB

LB

UB

LB

UB

LB

UB

LB

UB

Parameters

\(\alpha\)

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

\(\beta\)

–

–

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

\(\gamma\)

–

–

–

–

–

–

0

1

0

1

\(\zeta\)

–

–

–

–

–

–

0

1

–

–

\(\lambda\)

–

–

–

–

–

–

0

1

–

–

\(R_\infty\)

0

100 K\(\Omega\)

0

1 M\(\Omega\)

–

–

–

–

–

–

\(R_o\)

0

80 M\(\Omega\)

–

–

–

–

0

1 G\(\Omega\)

0

100 M\(\Omega\)

\(R_1\)

–

–

0

1 M\(\Omega\)

0

10 M\(\Omega\)

0

1 G\(\Omega\)

0

100 M\(\Omega\)

\(R_2\)

–

–

0

1 M\(\Omega\)

0

10 M\(\Omega\)

0

1 G\(\Omega\)

0

100 M\(\Omega\)

\(R_3\)

–

–

–

–

0

10 M\(\Omega\)

0

1 G\(\Omega\)

–

–

\(R_4\)

–

–

–

–

–

–

0

1 G\(\Omega\)

–

–

\(C_\alpha\)

0

\(3 \mu \hbox {F}\)

0

\(4 \mu \hbox {F}\)

0

\(3\mu \hbox {F}\)

0

\(100\mu \hbox {F}\)

0

\(10\mu \hbox {F}\)

\(C_\beta\)

–

–

0

\(4 \mu \hbox {F}\)

0

\(3 \mu \hbox {F}\)

0

\(100\mu \hbox {F}\)

0

\(10\mu \hbox {F}\)

\(C_\gamma\)

–

–

–

–

–

–

0

\(100\mu \hbox {F}\)

0

\(10\mu \hbox {F}\)

\(C_\zeta\)

–

–

–

–

–

–

0

\(100\mu \hbox {F}\)

–

–

\(C_\lambda\)

–

–

–

–

–

–

0

\(100\mu \hbox {F}\)

–

–