Table 6 Effects of age at group housing [late grouping (LG) vs. early grouping (EG)] and age at incremental hay supplementation [late hay increment (LH) vs. early hay increment (EH)] on behaviors activities after weaning (d 88 and 89) in dairy calves (n = 16 calves per treatment).

Item	Treatments				SEM	P value
Item	LG-LH	LG-EH	EG-LH	EG-EH	SEM	Group housing (G)	Hay increment (H)	G × H
Eating
Time, min/23 h	213	211	236	233	9.39	0.03	0.82	0.94
Meal frequency, no./23 h	14.8	15.3	16.3	16.5	0.54	0.02	0.55	0.68
Meal length, min/bout	14.4	13.7	14.6	14.2	0.58	0.54	0.41	0.83
Meal interval, min	86.1	84.6	72.1	76.6	4.49	0.02	0.69	0.60
Drinking
Time, min/23 h	13.1	17.7	16.4	15.0	2.26	0.82	0.62	0.17
Frequency, no./23 h	2.75	3.17	3.28	2.88	0.42	0.70	0.99	0.10
Bout length, min/bout	4.76	5.35	4.97	5.22	0.52	0.82	0.45	0.21
Bout interval, min	408	286	235	358	73.3	0.50	0.62	0.26
Ruminating
Time, min/23 h	372	362	358	403	22.5	0.56	0.45	0.24
Frequency, no./23 h	18.7	18.0	17.4	18.3	0.60	0.42	0.90	0.23
Bout length, min/bout	19.9	20.1	20.6	22.1	0.81	0.11	0.33	0.44
Bout interval, min	55.5	60.2	56.4	53.4	3.25	0.33	0.84	0.21
Lying
Time, min/23 h	566	560	563	543	18.6	0.60	0.49	0.69
Frequency, no./23 h	21.3	22.0	22.4	21.3	0.96	0.84	0.82	0.34
Bout length, min/bout	26.6	25.5	25.2	25.5	0.96	0.48	0.67	0.44
Bout interval, min	35.4	30.6	32.5	33.5	2.06	0.80	0.36	0.15
Standing
Time, min/23 h	190	200	187	164	11.6	0.11	0.60	0.18
Frequency, no./23 h	19.4	19.4	17.8	15.7	1.19	0.05	0.41	0.38
Bout length, min/bout	9.79	10.2	10.5	10.4	0.36	0.28	0.65	0.37
Bout interval, min	68.8	67.1	72.9	81.1	5.63	0.12	0.60	0.50
NNOB
Time, min/23 h	31.6	34.3	24.6	26.5	4.08	0.09	0.58	0.91
Frequency, no./23 h	5.12	5.14	4.50	4.39	0.48	0.24	0.90	0.87
Bout length, min/bout	6.17	6.68	5.48	6.04	0.64	0.22	0.27	0.95
Bout interval, min	201	142	165	180	49.1	0.99	0.28	0.88

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