Table 1 Baseline characteristics of adherent and non-adherent oral anticoagulant (OAC) users before and after propensity score matching.
Before matching | SMD | After matching | SMD | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adherent use (n = 55,166) | Non-adherent use (n = 22,266) | Adherent use (n = 45,843) | Non-adherent use (n = 21,304) | |||
Sex, n (%) | ||||||
Male | 29,593 (53.6) | 11,020 (49.5) | − 0.05 | 23,939 (52.2) | 10,657 (50.0) | − 0.05 |
Female | 25,573 (46.4) | 11,246 (50.5) | 21,904 (47.8) | 10,647 (50.0) | ||
Age group, n (%) | ||||||
19–64 years | 5329 (9.7) | 1896 (8.5) | 0.29 | 4204 (9.2) | 1855 (8.7) | 0.16 |
65–74 years | 23,375 (42.4) | 7065 (31.7) | 17,224 (37.6) | 6914 (32.5) | ||
75–84 years | 22,016 (39.9) | 9880 (44.4) | 20,007 (43.6) | 9466 (44.4) | ||
≥ 85 years | 4446 (8.1) | 3425 (15.4) | 4408 (9.6) | 3069 (14.4) | ||
Insurance type, n (%) | ||||||
Health insurance | 50,526 (91.6) | 19,762 (88.8) | 0.10 | 41,663 (90.9) | 19,075 (89.5) | 0.05 |
Medical aid | 4640 (8.4) | 2504 (11.2) | 4180 (9.1) | 2229 (10.5) | ||
Comorbidity, n (%) | ||||||
Hypertension | 42,380 (76.8) | 16,993 (76.3) | 0.01 | 35,218 (76.8) | 16,402 (77.0) | 0.01 |
Congestive heart failure | 16,277 (29.5) | 6416 (28.8) | 0.02 | 13,360 (29.1) | 6134 (28.8) | 0.02 |
Diabetes mellitus | 14,531 (26.3) | 6078 (27.3) | − 0.02 | 12,357 (27.0) | 5838 (27.4) | 0.00 |
Dyslipidemia | 13,112 (23.8) | 4387 (19.7) | 0.10 | 10,173 (22.2) | 4294 (20.2) | 0.05 |
Vascular disease | 9317 (16.9) | 4034 (18.1) | − 0.03 | 7908 (17.3) | 3821 (17.9) | − 0.02 |
Ischemic stroke | 8644 (15.7) | 3963 (17.8) | − 0.06 | 7469 (16.3) | 3596 (16.9) | − 0.02 |
Unstable angina | 8737 (15.8) | 2969 (13.3) | 0.07 | 6735 (14.7) | 2840 (13.3) | 0.04 |
Cancer | 4343 (7.9) | 1879 (8.4) | − 0.02 | 3762 (8.2) | 1805 (8.5) | 0.00 |
COPD | 2597 (4.7) | 1276 (5.7) | − 0.05 | 2332 (5.1) | 1190 (5.6) | − 0.02 |
Cognitive disease | 2331 (4.2) | 1349 (6.1) | − 0.08 | 2169 (4.7) | 1230 (5.8) | − 0.04 |
Myocardial infarction | 1607 (2.9) | 601 (2.7) | 0.01 | 1236 (2.7) | 555 (2.6) | 0.00 |
IH | 382 (0.7) | 211 (1) | − 0.03 | 350 (0.8) | 192 (0.9) | − 0.02 |
Chronic renal failure | 326 (0.6) | 474 (2.1) | − 0.13 | 315 (0.7) | 317 (1.5) | − 0.09 |
Clinical history, n (%) | ||||||
Prior PCI | 696 (1.3) | 287 (1.3) | 0.00 | 545 (1.2) | 261 (1.2) | − 0.01 |
Prior CABG | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) | − 0.01 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.00 |
Medication prescribed within 1 year before the cohort entry date, n (%) | ||||||
Aspirin | 33,137 (60.1) | 11,617 (52.2) | 0.16 | 26,184 (57.1) | 11,301 (53.1) | 0.08 |
Beta-blocker | 28,702 (52.0) | 9764 (43.9) | 0.16 | 22,277 (48.6) | 9467 (44.4) | 0.08 |
CCB | 25,578 (46.4) | 10,702 (48.1) | − 0.03 | 21,528 (47.0) | 10,191 (47.8) | − 0.01 |
Antiplatelet | 21,333 (38.7) | 8133 (36.5) | 0.04 | 17,301 (37.7) | 7747 (36.4) | 0.03 |
Risk score, mean (SD) | ||||||
CHA2DS2-VASc | 3 (0.9) | 3.1 (0.9) | − 0.09 | 3.1 (0.9) | 3.1 (0.9) | − 0.07 |
HAS-BLED | 2 (0.7) | 2.1 (0.7) | − 0.08 | 2 (0.7) | 2.1 (0.7) | − 0.08 |
CCI | 2.3 (1.7) | 2.5 (1.9) | − 0.15 | 2.3 (1.8) | 2.5 (1.9) | − 0.14 |
Healthcare utilization within 1 year before the cohort entry date, mean (SD) | ||||||
ER visits | 0.2 (1.2) | 0.3 (1.6) | − 0.05 | 0.2 (1.3) | 0.3 (1.3) | − 0.03 |
Outpatient visits | 35.8 (28.4) | 37.4 (32.9) | − 0.05 | 36.1 (28.6) | 37.2 (32.1) | − 0.05 |
