Figure 3

(a) Phylogenetic tree reconstructed based on the maximum likelihood (ML) methods using CO1 haplotypes of Eleutheronema tetradactylum and Eleutheronema rhadinum. Two species, including Megalobrama amblycephala and Scophthalmus maximus, were used as outgroups. (b) The unrooted TCS haplotype networks were constructed based on the haplotypes of CO1 from each population of E. tetradactylum and E. rhadinum. Haplotype frequency was related to the size of the circle. Different colors within the nodes refer to various sampling sites. (c) Time-calibrated Bayesian tree reconstructed with 13 and 24 CO1 haplotypes of E. tetradactylum and E. rhadinum, respectively, using the BEAST program to infer ancestral areas under the Bayesian binary MCMC (BBM) model.