Figure 1

Time–kill effect of rifaximin against Klebsiella pneumoniae producing carbapenemase (KPC-KP) isolates. 20 KPC-KP isolates with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) from 8 to 128 μg/ml were exposed over time with/ without rifaximin in a concentration of 100, 250 and 500 μg/ml for 24 h. Cumulative change in the growth of colistin-susceptible (A) and colistin-resistant (B) isolates after exposure to different concentrations of rifaximin. Percentage of colistin-susceptible (C) and colistin resistant (D) isolates eradicated by rifaximin in different concentrations. Comparison by the Mann–Whitney-U test; ns non-significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001.