Figure 6

Bacterial biofilm formation on CeO2-coated PC surfaces. Crystal violet staining assay of P. aeruginosa PA14 grown in LB broth. The bacteria were cultivated aerobically for 72 h under gentle movement (150 rpm) at 30 °C on non-coated (blank plate) and CeO2-coated PC surfaces annealed at 185 °C or not annealed (RT). Then, the planktonic cells were removed, and the attached cells were stained with crystal violet. After solubilization of the bound crystal violet, the quantification was performed via measurement of absorbance in a plate reader at 575 nm. The stained plates are shown at the bottom of the figure. Error bars represent the standard deviation of three independently performed experiments.