Figure 4
Effect of process parameters on morphology, volume density, distortion and defects (See Fig. S3, Supplementary Information for details). (a) Effect of process parameters on volume density. In general, LED is proportional to the volume density. According to LED (Eq. 1), LED is directly proportional to the laser power, and inversely proportional to scan speed, layer thickness and hatch distance. (b) XRD spectra of Ag alloy powders and representative sample sample-α, -β, -γ. (c) Effect of LED on total distortion by FEA (the figure is obtained from Simufact.welding 6.0.0 software64). An OM image of excessive LED results in the formation of (d) cracks and (e) a SEM image of micro-pores.
