Figure 2
From: Economic value of three grassland ecosystem services when managed at the regional and farm scale
Economic value of three grassland ecosystem services with increasing shares of extensive grassland. Squares represent mean values compared to intensive land-use over 500 random allocations of four grassland types \({\text{x}}_{{\text{i}}}\) for two policy target levels \({\text{q}}\) (region, farm) with increasing shares of extensive grassland (0–50%). Error bars show minimum and maximum values reflecting spatial variability in ecosystem service values. Economic valuation is based on average forage price and mean willingness to pay estimates as well as a carbon price equivalent to the Swiss CO2 levy. The star (*) represents extent of extensive grassland use in the case study region in 2017.
