Table 3 MSEs for the electron beam properties—x and y jitters and divergences (p1, p2, p3, p4), including before and after the unit conversion, are listed for two cases A (standard) and B (BPA).

From: Toward fully automated UED operation using two-stage machine learning model

Beam properties

Formula

Description

Unit

Case A: standard

Case B: BPA

MSE

Unit converted MSE

MSE

Unit converted MSE

p1

avg(x)

x-position

ÎĽm

0.0021

0.1087

0.0020

0.1048

p2

avg(y)

y-position

ÎĽm

0.0018

0.0940

0.0018

0.0940

p3

std(x')

x-divergence

ÎĽrad

0.0320

0.3200

0.0289

0.2890

p4

std(y')

y-divergence

ÎĽrad

0.0400

0.4000

0.0323

0.3230

Time

T

Training time

min

30

14

  1. The times taken for the training process are 30 min and 14 min for case A and B, respectively.