Table 2 Toxicity of insecticides (Flonicamid and Imidacloprid) with and without M. anisopliae for A. gossypii.
Teatments | Ratio | Exposure period (hours) | Regression equation | Chi-square | LC50 ± SE (fiducial limits) (ppm) | SF | CTC | Type of action | LC90 ± SE (fiducial limits) (ppm) | SF | CTC | Type of action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Flonicamid | 24 | y = 133x + 17.85 | 0.008 | 0.439 ± 0.415 (0.161–13.852) | – | – | – | 7.610 ± 0.747 (0.741–35.010) | – | – | – | |
48 | y = 160.67x + 32.74 | 0.150 | 0.122 ± 0.052 (0.071–17.320) | – | – | – | 5.450 ± 0.253 (0.582–10.30) | – | – | – | ||
72 | y = 147.24x + 60.8 | 0.250 | 0.010 ± 0.007 (0.00–0.04) | – | – | – | 0.451 ± 0.383 (0.170–1335) | – | – | – | ||
Flonicamid + M. anisopliae | 1:1 | 24 | y = 136.95x + 24.58 | 0.091 | 0.2173 ± 0.118 (0.112–56.531) | 2.020 | 202.020 | Synergistic | 3.500 ± 0.875 (0.563–3378) | 2.174 | 217.400 | Synergistic |
48 | y = 190.76x + 44.64 | 0.124 | 0.030 ± 0.011 (0.003–0.052) | 4.066 | 406.660 | Synergistic | 0.943 ± 0.166 (0.280–6349) | 5.797 | 579.710 | Synergistic | ||
72 | y = 201x + 68.512 | 0.006 | 0.008 ± 0.004 (0.0006–0.010) | 1.250 | 125.000 | Synergistic | 0.100 ± 0.025 (0.070–0.261) | 4.500 | 450.000 | Synergistic | ||
Imidacloprid | 24 | y = 29.737x + 16.8 | 0.011 | 1.933 ± 0.833 (0.700–20.021) | – | – | – | 29.460 ± 5.374 (3.040–36.550) | – | – | – | |
48 | y = 34.457x + 30.97 | 0.151 | 0.611 ± 0.303 (0.331–20.652) | – | – | – | 24.261 ± 4.920 (2.530–89.100) | – | – | – | ||
72 | y = 36.354x + 57.61 | 0.110 | 0.040 ± 0.0381 (0.000–0.100) | – | – | – | 3.271 ± 0.405 (0.900–16.590) | – | – | – | ||
Imidacloprid + M. anisopliae | 1:1 | 24 | y = 33.777x + 21.781 | 0.029 | 1.400 ± 0.218 (0.561–63.011) | 1.378 | 137.800 | Synergistic | 35.81 ± 8.585 (3.080–91.351) | 0.822 | 82.261 | Antagonistic |
48 | y = 44.914x + 41.700 | 0.040 | 0.180 ± 0.0480 (0.031–0.270) | 3.381 | 338.880 | Synergistic | 4.850 ± 5.641 (1.310–84,150) | 5.002 | 500.200 | Synergistic | ||
72 | y = 45.263x + 67.020 | 0.063 | 0.031 ± 0.021 (0.001–0.070) | 1.333 | 133.300 | Synergistic | 0.590 ± 0.193 (0.380–2.720) | 5.542 | 554.231 | Synergistic |
