Table 2 Major sources of noise and loss in anonymous transmission protocol.
Protocol step | Major sources of noise and loss |
|---|---|
Generation and distribution of W state | Decoherence |
Transmission loss | |
Measurement performed by \(N-2\) users | Loss introduced by measurement |
Veto protocol | Noise introduced by quantum memory |
Loss introduced by quantum memory | |
Bell state measurement | Loss introduced by measurement |
Anonymous transmission of two classical bits | Noise introduced by quantum memory |
Loss introduced by quantum memory | |
Quantum post-processing at receiver side | Noise introduced by quantum gates |
