Scientific Reports

Table 5 Optimization of solvents and bases in C-O bond formation in the reaction between Bromobenzene and phenol as a model reaction.

From: Synthesis and characterization of highly efficient and recoverable Cu@MCM-41-(2-hydroxy-3-propoxypropyl) metformin mesoporous catalyst and its uses in Ullmann type reactions


Entry	Solvent	Base	Catalyst (mg)	Temp. (°C)	Time (h)	Yield (%)
1	CH₃CN	K₂CO₃	50	80	10	65
2	H₂O	K₂CO₃	50	80	10	0
3	DMF	K₂CO₃	50	80	10	92
4	EtOH	K₂CO₃	50	80	10	57
5	CH₃CN/EtOH	K₂CO₃	50	80	10	62
6	DMF/EtOH	K₂CO₃	50	80	10	84
7	DMF/EtOH	KOH	50	80	10	60
8	DMF/EtOH	Cs₂CO₃	50	80	10	84
9	DMF/EtOH	K₃PO₄	50	80	10	81
10	DMF/EtOH	KOH	50	r.t	10	0
11	DMF/EtOH	K₂CO₃	50	60	10	45
12	DMF/EtOH	K₂CO₃	50	90	10	93
13	DMF/EtOH	K₂CO₃	50	100	10	93
14	DMF/EtOH	K₂CO₃	50	90	4	85
15	DMF/EtOH	K₂CO₃	50	90	6	93
16	DMF/EtOH	K₂CO₃	50	90	12	82
17	DMF/EtOH	K₂CO₃	–	90	6	0

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