Table 6 The fecal pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in calves administered enrofloxacin subcutaneously (low dose 7.5 mg/kg, high dose 12.5 mg/kg body weight, 14 animals in each healthy and BRD combined group) computed by a non-compartmental model (i.e., statistical moments) analysis.

From: Comparisons of plasma and fecal pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin and enrofloxacin in healthy and Mannheimia haemolytica infected calves

Parameters*

Group

Minimum

Median

Maximum

Adjusted P-value**

AUCinf (h × μg/mL)

High

381

424

467

0.533

Low

325

375

426

AUCinf/Dose

High

31

34

37

0.267

Low

43

50

57

AUC0~48 (h × μg/mL)

High

371

398

425

0.050

Low

316

355

395

AUClast (h × μg/mL)

High

371

384

398

0.035

Low

316

355

395

AUMClast (h2 × μg/mL)

High

6846

7368

7889

0.094

Low

6633

7483

8333

Cmax (μg/mL)

High

18.2

21.1

24.1

0.062

Low

13.7

18.5

23.3

T1/2 λz (h)

High

6.4

8.4

10.5

NA

Low

6.3

8.2

10.1

λz (1/h)

High

0.07

0.09

0.11

NA

Low

0.07

0.09

0.11

MRTinf (h)

High

22.2

22.3

22.3

NA

Low

22.0

23.1

24.1

MRTlast (h)

High

17.2

19.2

21.3

NA

Low

21.0

21.1

21.1

Tmax (h)

High

8.0

10.0

12.0

0.347

Low

12.0

12.0

12.0

  1. *PK-parameters area under the curve from the time of dosing extrapolated to infinity (AUCinf), area under the curve from the time of dosing to the last sampling time point (AUC0~48), area under the curve from the time of dosing to the last measurable positive concentration (AUClast), area under the first moment curve from dosing to the last measurable concentration (AUMClast), maximum observed concentration (Cmax), mean residence time from the time of dosing to the last measurable concentration (MRTlast), time to the maximum concentration (Tmax), terminal half-life (T1/2λz), and elimination rate (λz). Groups control—healthy control calves, and BRD—M. haemolytica infected calves. NA not applicable.
  2. **Mann–Whitney test was used to compare the high and low dose groups.