Table 2 Amplitude and velocity of spurious rotations of the head in the coronal and sagittal planes.

From: Smoothness of movement in idiopathic cervical dystonia

Rotation plane

Variable

Healthy

Mean (95% CI)a

AwayDys

Mean (95% CI)a

ToDys

Mean (95% CI)a

Wald χ2

(P)b

Coronal

θ (°)

14.1 (11.6–20.8)

18.1*† (15.4–20.8)

13.5 (11.1–15.9)

10.40 (0.006)

ω (°/s)

31.8 (29.2–34.4)

27.3* (24.9–29.8)

28.8 (26.4–31.3)

8.74 (0.013)

Sagittal

θ (°)

9.16 (7.36–11.0)

9.32 (7.54–11.1)

8.64 (6.90–10.4)

0.86 (0.652)

ω (°/s)

26.8 (24.8–28.8)

22.8* (20.9–24.6)

23.6* (21.7–25.4)

8.79 (0.012)

  1. *Statistically significant differences with respect to Healthy (post-hoc test, P corrected according to Bonferroni).
  2. †Statistically significant differences with respect to ToDys (post-hoc test, P corrected according to Bonferroni).
  3. aMovement type: Healthy, controls’ movement; AwayDys, patients’ movement in the “away dystonia” direction; ToDys, patients’ movement in the “towards dystonia” direction; 95% CI 95% confidence interval.
  4. bStatistics: Wald χ2, type III Wald chi-square statistics (two degrees of freedom); P, type 1 error probability of the Wald chi-square test.
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