Table 4 The results of method accuracy for this study.

From: Determination and dietary intake risk assessment of 35 pesticide residues in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) from Hainan province, China

Pesticide

Calibration curve equations

R2a

LOQb (μg/kg)

Average recoveries (%) ± RSDc (%)

MEd (%)

LOQ

Treatment 1e

Treatment 2f

50 μg/kg

100 μg/kg

250 μg/kg

50 μg/kg

100 μg/kg

250 μg/kg

Acephate

Y = 5.212e4X − 1.546e3

0.9999

8.0

96.8 ± 7.4

92.3 ± 6.7

86.1 ± 3.2

92.8 ± 3.3

95.0 ± 8.5

80.6 ± 9.5

82.2 ± 4.1

57.8

Azoxystrobin

Y = 1.705e4X + 3.256e4

0.9999

1.0

105.2 ± 2.1

102.6 ± 4.1

113.6 ± 3.7

113.8 ± 1.4

91.0 ± 9.8

93.1 ± 3.7

98.7 ± 1.6

60.4

Chlordimeform

Y = 3.537e4X + 2.574e5

0.9999

6.0

98.3 ± 1.6

96.2 ± 8.4

92.9 ± 9.1

110.5 ± 1.6

87.6 ± 7.2

99.9 ± 6.7

92.1 ± 3.5

23.03

Chlorfenapyr

Y = 7.664e3X + 3.752e4

0.9999

6.0

87.5 ± 6.5

88.0 ± 4.1

96.8 ± 4.6

102.3 ± 0.5

81.6 ± 4.9

86.9 ± 1.7

86.3 ± 8.6

35.5

Chlorpyrifos-ethyl

Y = 1.744e5X + 1.16e5

1

1.0

112.7 ± 6.1

114.0 ± 8.5

109.1 ± 2.4

103.7 ± 1.0

99.6 ± 5.2

95.9 ± 2.3

89.9 ± 2.2

38.2

Coumaphos

Y = 1.695e4X + 2.614e4

0.9998

5.0

101.4 ± 6.7

96.2 ± 4.1

99.3 ± 5.2

102.2 ± 2.4

87.9 ± 3.7

85.8 ± 5.2

90.3 ± 9.6

75.88

Cyfluthrin I–IVa

Y = 7.225e4X − 4.985e4

0.9999

5.0

82.0 ± 8.9

96.6 ± 5.1

96.1 ± 1.5

96.0 ± 1.4

100.8 ± 2.7

91.5 ± 1.7

86.1 ± 2.5

37.49

CyhalothrinI–IIa

Y = 2.142e5X + 4.511e5

0.9998

5.0

70.6 ± 8.4

77.6 ± 2.4

90.8 ± 2.4

101.9 ± 1.2

82.6 ± 3.6

79.0 ± 2.9

88.8 ± 2.4

66.8

CypermethrinI–IVa

Y = 9.391e4X + 6.153e5

0.9999

2.0

86.0 ± 7.7

98.0 ± 10.0

99.9 ± 6.5

89.3 ± 3.0

114.0 ± 4.0

96.6 ± 3.2

91.1 ± 9.0

41.88

Dicofol

Y = 6.647e3X + 1.245e3

0.9999

5.0

118.1 ± 4.8

110.5 ± 4.2

107.9 ± 4.5

101.3 ± 3.0

100.6 ± 11.6

90.0 ± 9.3

95.6 ± 4.7

48.47

DifenoconazoleI–IIa

Y = 1.755e5X + 2.396e5

0.9999

1.0

79.9 ± 1.0

90.8 ± 2.8

100.3 ± 3.2

112.6 ± 2.0

94.2 ± 4.7

113.5 ± 2.3

99.3 ± 3.2

65.57

Dimethoate

Y = 3.456e4X − 8.066e4

0.9999

5.0

110.1 ± 8.8

112.2 ± 5.2

114.4 ± 3.0

97.9 ± 1.5

100.0 ± 4.2

107.0 ± 7.2

85.9 ± 4.0

64.1

EndosulfanI–IIa

Y = 2.1338e4X − 2.136e3

0.9999

5.0

108.9 ± 5.8

105.9 ± 1.2

97.0 ± 0.9

96.8 ± 0.4

88.4 ± 2.0

85.5 ± 1.3

84.1 ± 1.7

19.71

Ethoprophos

Y = 7.035e4X − 6.293e4

0.9999

1.0

113.4 ± 6.2

102.9 ± 0.9

106.5 ± 1.1

99.7 ± 1.6

95.4 ± 3.8

99.9 ± 2.1

89.8 ± 2.0

54.34

Fenitrothion

Y = 4.158e4X + 5.831e5

0.9999

6.0

80.2 ± 8.6

93.6 ± 7.4

104.0 ± 5.9

101.2 ± 1.7

97.7 ± 8.5

94.4 ± 3.7

100.4 ± 3.1

81.81

Fenpropathrin

Y = 1.811e5X + 4.155e5

0.9991

6.0

82.1 ± 7.6

94.5 ± 2.0

95.2 ± 1.6

111.3 ± 1.9

80.7 ± 3.6

87.2 ± 2.5

95.0 ± 1.2

28.83

Fenvalerate

Y = 1.156e4X + 2.08e4

1

3.0

117.1 ± 7.5

103.1 ± 6.9

108.5 ± 6.4

91.7 ± 2.6

115.1 ± 6.1

113.6 ± 5.9

105.9 ± 1.9

42.07

Fipronil

Y = 6.462e4X − 2.177e5

0.9995

3.0

111.6 ± 6.8

101.4 ± 1.0

94.2 ± 1.3

95.6 ± 0.7

105.6 ± 7.5

88.0 ± 1.3

85.1 ± 2.3

63.22

FluvalinateI–IIa

Y = 5.759e4X − 2.698e5

0.999

5.0

80.2 ± 9.5

98.1 ± 9.7

84.5 ± 1.7

83.2 ± 5.7

90.5 ± 2.7

79.8 ± 2.8

78.0 ± 10.1

74.62

Isazophos

Y = 3.008e5X − 2.941e5

1

3.0

115.1 ± 8.7

107.2 ± 1.3

102.7 ± 2.0

108.5 ± 0.8

110.8 ± 8.4

94.9 ± 2.4

108.4 ± 1.4

11.08

Isocarbophos

Y = 6.758e4X − 1.244e5

0.9999

2.0

119.1 ± 8.4

108.5 ± 0.8

102.7 ± 4.7

99.3 ± 1.2

94.9 ± 4.6

97.8 ± 2.3

88.0 ± 1.6

49.25

Isofenphos-methyl

Y = 1.054e5X − 1.818e5

0.9999

2.0

114.3 ± 7.6

104.3 ± 3.7

98.3 ± 3.2

96.3 ± 0.9

93.0 ± 3.5

90.3 ± 3.1

85.0 ± 1.1

43.15

malathion

Y = 1.378e5X + 5.087e6

0.9997

2.0

80.2 ± 7.4

91.4 ± 8.1

91.0 ± 7.3

96.8 ± 4.4

95.8 ± 6.1

104.5 ± 7.7

106.3 ± 5.9

43.77

Methamidophos

Y = 1.278e4X − 2.398e4

0.9998

3.0

84.2 ± 9.3

94.6 ± 2.2

91.8 ± 1.8

86.3 ± 2.5

84.8 ± 4.3

92.2 ± 4.1

88.8 ± 3.4

35.38

Omethoate

Y = 2.033e5X + 5.787e5

0.9995

5.0

116.1 ± 9.6

110.1 ± 8.6

95.5 ± 3.1

93.2 ± 1.7

93.5 ± 4.2

84.8 ± 5.6

80.1 ± 3.9

− 68.57

Parathion (ethyl)

Y = 5.402e4X − 1.72e5

0.9997

3.0

118.1 ± 2.7

101.7 ± 3.8

97.1 ± 2.7

94.5 ± 1.2

92.5 ± 8.6

89.1 ± 2.6

88.3 ± 2.2

76.31

Parathion-methyl

Y = 8.471e4X − 1.55e5

0.9999

3.0

80.2 ± 8.9

99.8 ± 3.2

99.1 ± 1.6

98.2 ± 1.5

81.6 ± 4.6

88.9 ± 2.4

91.0 ± 2.0

75.82

Pendimethalin

Y = 3.94e4X − 1.602e5

0.9993

7.5

82.1 ± 4.9

97.9 ± 3.0

91.9 ± 2.0

87.5 ± 1.3

96.9 ± 9.2

86.6 ± 1.6

91.9 ± 2.8

45.01

Phorate

Y = 3.409e4X − 1.537e4

1

3.0

117.8 ± 7.0

116.5 ± 2.0

104.7 ± 0.7

100.8 ± 1.5

100.8 ± 1.6

97.5 ± 1.8

92.7 ± 0.8

36.36

Profenofos

Y = 9.018e4X + 2.566e4

1

3.0

115.1 ± 8.5

108.4 ± 1.8

103.3 ± 2.0

100.1 ± 1.2

90.9 ± 2.2

86.8 ± 2.2

86.8 ± 2.2

81.08

Pyridaben

Y = 2.989e5X + 7.01e5

0.9998

2.0

78.6 ± 9.1

85.5 ± 4.3

96.4 ± 2.2

103.8 ± 1.9

104.0 ± 4.4

100.2 ± 9.5

119.1 ± 4.2

55.19

Pyrimethanil

Y = 9.968e4X − 9.818e3

1

1.0

115.3 ± 7.2

100.7 ± 0.8

96.9 ± 1.4

94.9 ± 0.7

104.4 ± 2.0

87.4 ± 1.3

83.1 ± 2.3

35.95

Sulfotep

Y = 7.091e4X − 4.7933

1

6.0

116.8 ± 6.8

108.7 ± 2.0

101.4 ± 1.1

101.2 ± 1.7

89.2 ± 6.5

89.8 ± 2.5

88.0 ± 2.5

37.8

Terbufos

Y = 1.85e5X + 7.66e2

1

3.0

117.3 ± 4.7

114.7 ± 1.9

105.2 ± 1.7

101.9 ± 1.2

89.1 ± 3.7

94.8 ± 2.1

92.8 ± 1.8

34.25

Triazophos

Y = 2.091e4X + 2.213e4

0.9999

1.0

113.3 ± 8.4

103.6 ± 3.5

96.6 ± 3.0

96.2 ± 0.9

93.4 ± 1.3

90.6 ± 2.2

85.2 ± 1.2

60.72

  1. aDetermination coefficient, blimit of quantification, crelative standard deviations, dMatrix effect, eTests were performed in three levels, five replicates each before the cowpea samples were analysed, fTests were performed in three levels, five replicates each after the cowpea samples were analysed.
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