Table 2 Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for incident outcomes after incident breast cancer.

From: Temporal patterns of chronic disease incidence after breast cancer: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Outcome*

No. of cases (incidence rate per 100,000 person-years)

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

No breast cancer

Incident breast cancer

Crude

Adjusted

Leukemia (N = 1,142,643)

716 (6.7)

129 (30.4)

4.19 (3.47, 5.05)

4.20 (3.48, 5.07)

Cardiomyopathy (N = 1,142,076)

957 (9.0)

143 (33.7)

3.20 (2.68, 3.82)

3.28 (2.75, 3.91)

Osteoporosis (N = 1,070,659)

74,818 (789.9)

8374 (2658.1)

2.97 (2.91, 3.04)

3.00 (2.93, 3.07)

Endometrial cancer (N = 1,142,643)

1539 (14.5)

178 (42.0)

2.69 (2.30, 3.14)

2.70 (2.31, 3.16)

Hypothyroidism (N = 1,122,284)

43,119 (420.2)

2894 (724.0)

1.68 (1.62, 1.74)

1.69 (1.63, 1.76)

Pulmonary fibrosis (N = 1,142,493)

599 (5.6)

44 (10.4)

1.60 (1.18, 2.17)

1.62 (1.19, 2.20)

Myeloma (N = 1,142,643)

434 (4.1)

31 (7.3)

1.53 (1.06, 2.20)

1.54 (1.07, 2.22)

Hyperlipidemia (N = 1,054,439)

292,404 (3452.5)

15,691 (5240.3)

1.34 (1.32, 1.37)

1.37 (1.35, 1.39)

End-stage renal disease (N = 1,141,344)

1823 (17.1)

86 (20.3)

1.03 (0.83, 1.28)

1.13 (0.91, 1.40)

Type 2 diabetes (N = 1,070,608)

104,448 (1102.2)

4927 (1358.7)

1.10 (1.07, 1.13)

1.13 (1.10, 1.16)

Hypertension (N = 974,915)

193,966 (2425.0)

5049 (1648.8)

0.60 (0.58, 0.62)

0.61 (0.59, 0.63)

  1. Each outcome was analyzed separately. Each analysis was performed among participants free of the outcome disease at baseline and adjusted for body mass index category (underweight, normal, overweight, obese, and unknown), alcohol intake (none, moderate, heavy, and unknown), physical activity (none, 1–2 times per week, ≥ 3 times per week, and unknown), smoking status (never smoker, ever smoker, and unknown), income percentile (Medical Aid, ≤ 30th, 31st–70th, > 70th percentile), as well as for the baseline presence of comorbid conditions other than the corresponding outcome.
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