Table 3 Simple and multiple linear regression model (estimated value [95% confidence intervals]) for post index date of pneumonia (post-ID pneumonia) periods in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp compared to control group and subgroup analysis according to age and sex.

From: Association between chronic rhinosinusitis and pneumonia: a longitudinal follow-up study using a national health screening cohort

Characteristics	Mean ± SD in CRS with nasal polyp group	Mean ± SD in control group	Linear regression of CRS with nasal polyp for pneumonia
Characteristics	Mean ± SD in CRS with nasal polyp group	Mean ± SD in control group	Simple^b	P value	Model 1^b,^c	P value	Model 2^b,d	P value
Total participants (n = 16,520)
1-y post-ID pneumonia	0.06 ± 0.44	0.05 ± 0.48	0.011 (− 0.007 to 0.028)	0.240	− 0.008 (− 0.025 to 0.010)	0.398	− 0.004 (− 0.021 to 0.013)	0.653
2-y post-ID pneumonia	0.06 ± 0.45	0.05 ± 0.57	0.013 (− 0.008 to 0.033)	0.232	− 0.004 (− 0.025 to 0.017)	0.710	− 0.001 (− 0.022 to 0.020)	0.920
3-y post-ID pneumonia	0.05 ± 0.47	0.04 ± 0.49	0.009 (− 0.009 to 0.028)	0.336	− 0.004 (− 0.023 to 0.014)	0.643	− 0.003 (− 0.021 to 0.016)	0.786
Age < 60 years old (n = 11,705)
1-y post-ID pneumonia	0.04 ± 0.36	0.03 ± 0.33	0.010 (− 0.005 to 0.026)	0.176	− 0.002 (− 0.017 to 0.014)	0.822	0.002 (− 0.013 to 0.017)	0.811
2-y post-ID pneumonia	0.03 ± 0.30	0.02 ± 0.32	0.009 (− 0.006 to 0.023)	0.234	− 0.003 (− 0.017 to 0.011)	0.674	− 0.001 (− 0.015 to 0.013)	0.910
3-y post-ID pneumonia	0.04 ± 0.43	0.02 ± 0.27	0.021 (0.007 to 0.035)	0.004^a	0.012 (− 0.002 to 0.026)	0.104	0.013 (− 0.001 to 0.028)	0.060
Age ≥ 60 years old (n = 4815)
1-y post-ID pneumonia	0.10 ± 0.59	0.09 ± 0.72	0.011 (− 0.037 to 0.058)	0.663	− 0.014 (− 0.062 to 0.034)	0.566	− 0.010 (− 0.057 to 0.037)	0.675
2-y post-ID pneumonia	0.12 ± 0.68	0.10 ± 0.92	0.022 (− 0.040 to 0.084)	0.484	0.002 (− 0.060 to 0.064)	0.939	0.006 (− 0.055 to 0.068)	0.843
3-y post-ID pneumonia	0.07 ± 0.55	0.09 ± 0.81	− 0.019 (− 0.073 to 0.035)	0.490	− 0.036 (− 0.090 to 0.018)	0.192	− 0.034 (− 0.088 to 0.020)	0.217
Males (n = 10,880)
1-y post-ID pneumonia	0.05 ± 0.42	0.05 ± 0.52	0.005 (− 0.018 to 0.028)	0.659	− 0.013 (− 0.036 to 0.010)	0.282	− 0.010 (− 0.033 to 0.013)	0.391
2-y post-ID pneumonia	0.06 ± 0.47	0.05 ± 0.58	0.015 (− 0.011 to 0.041)	0.254	− 0.002 (− 0.028 to 0.024)	0.884	0.000 (− 0.026 to 0.026)	0.998
3-y post-ID pneumonia	0.05 ± 0.46	0.05 ± 0.55	0.002 (− 0.023 to 0.027)	0.869	− 0.012 (− 0.037 to 0.013)	0.348	− 0.010 (− 0.035 to 0.014)	0.413
Females (n = 5640)
1-y post-ID pneumonia	0.06 ± 0.48	0.04 ± 0.38	0.021 (− 0.005 to 0.047)	0.118	0.003 (− 0.023 to 0.030)	0.798	0.009 (− 0.017 to 0.035)	0.493
2-y post-ID pneumonia	0.05 ± 0.39	0.04 ± 0.55	0.008 (− 0.026 to 0.042)	0.654	− 0.010 (− 0.044 to 0.024)	0.566	− 0.005 (− 0.039 to 0.029)	0.772
3-y post-ID pneumonia	0.06 ± 0.50	0.04 ± 0.37	0.023 (− 0.003 to 0.049)	0.088	0.010 (− 0.016 to 0.036)	0.449	0.012 (− 0.014 to 0.039)	0.355

Abbreviations: CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; CRS, chronic rhinosinusitis; 1-y pre-ID pneumonia, pneumonia history from the date of CRS treatment (index date) to the date before 1-year periods; Post-ID pneumonia, the number of pneumonia diagnosis from the index date to the date after certain periods; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation.
^aLinear regression model, Significance at P < 0.05.
^bModels were stratified by age, sex, income, and region of residence.
^cA model 1 was adjusted for obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, total cholesterol, SBP, DBP, fasting blood glucose, CCI scores, asthma, and COPD.
^dA model 2 was adjusted for the model 1 plus 1-y pre-ID pneumonia.

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Table 3 Simple and multiple linear regression model (estimated value [95% confidence intervals]) for post index date of pneumonia (post-ID pneumonia) periods in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp compared to control group and subgroup analysis according to age and sex.

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