Table 1 Locations and sources of material used for whole genome sequencing and comparison. Date of sampling and subspecies are shown. All samples were obtained opportunistically. Bone and hide samples were donated from their curated collection. Hair and blood were obtained from annual round-ups from the ranchers responsible for the management of the herd. No animals were accessed solely to sample for this study.

From: Genomic evaluation of hybridization in historic and modern North American Bison (Bison bison)

Sample

Population

Source

Collection Date

Subspecies

Caprock_01

Caprock Canyons State Park (TX, USA)

Texas Parks & Wildlife

2018

Plains

Caprock_02

Caprock Canyons State Park (TX, USA)

Texas Parks & Wildlife

2018

Plains

ElkIslandP_01

Elk Island National Park—Plains (AB, Canada)

Parks Canada

2018

Plains

ElkIslandP_02

Elk Island National Park—Plains (AB, Canada)

Parks Canada

2018

Plains

ElkIslandW_01

Elk Island National Park—Wood (AB, Canada)

Parks Canada

2018

Wood

ElkIslandW_02

Elk Island National Park—Wood (AB, Canada)

Parks Canada

2018

Wood

HistP_1886

Historical Plains Bison (MT, USA)

Smithsonian Institution

1886

Plains

HistP_1909

Historical Plains Bison (SK, Canada)

Canadian Museum of Nature

1909

Plains

HistW_1892

Historical Wood Bison (AB/NT, Canada)

Canadian Museum of Nature

1892

Wood

HistW_1921

Historical Wood Bison (AB/NT, Canada)

Parks Canada

1921

Wood

HistW_1937

Historical Wood Bison (AB/NT, Canada)

Smithsonian Institution

1937

Wood

Mackenzie_01

Mackenzie Bison Sanctuary (NT, Canada)

Parks Canada

1999

Wood

Mackenzie_02

Mackenzie Bison Sanctuary (NT, Canada)

Parks Canada

1999

Wood

SantaCataIsl_01

Santa Catalina Island (CA, USA)

Santa Catalina Island Conservancy

2009

Plains

SantaCataIsl_02

Santa Catalina Island (CA, USA)

Santa Catalina Island Conservancy

2009

Plains

Vermejo_01

Vermejo Park Ranch (NM, USA)

Turner Enterprises, Inc

2000

Plains

Vermejo_02

Vermejo Park Ranch (NM, USA)

Turner Enterprises, Inc

2001

Plains

WindCave_01

Wind Cave National Park (SD, USA)

US National Parks Service

2018

Plains

WindCave_02

Wind Cave National Park (SD, USA)

US National Parks Service

2018

Plains

Yellowstone_01

Yellowstone National Park (WY/MT, USA)

US National Parks Service

2011

Plains

Yellowstone_02

Yellowstone National Park (WY/MT, USA)

Turner Enterprises, Inc

2011

Plains

Yellowstone_03

Yellowstone National Park (WY/MT, USA)

US National Parks Service

2000

Plains

Yellowstone_04

Yellowstone National Park (WY/MT, USA)

US National Parks Service

2000

Plains

Yellowstone_05

Yellowstone National Park (WY/MT, USA)

US National Parks Service

2009

Plains

Yellowstone_1925

Yellowstone National Park (WY/MT, USA)

Yellowstone Heritage and Research Center

1925

Plains

Angus_01

NCBI

SRR1425124

Cattle

Charolais_01

NCBI

SRR1355258

Cattle

Hereford_01

NCBI

SRR2226524

Cattle

Holstein_01

NCBI

SRR1365147

Cattle

Bubalus bubalis

NCBI

SRR7284794

Water Buffalo