Figure 2

Variation in overall social capital among case studies. This fiugure depicts communities as zipcodes, census tracts, or county subdivisions. Shading represents social capital, measured as a modified Z-score, showing distance from the national median standardized by the median absolute difference (MAD). White indicates national median level of social capital. Blue shows MAD-calculated standard deviations above median, while red depicts below median. Maps made in R (version 4.0.3) using the sf package (version 1.0-6)⁸¹.