Table 1 A summary of main results of the image processing and network compression.

From: Deep learning-enabled mobile application for efficient and robust herb image recognition

DNN strategy

Top1

Mean ± std (%)

Top5

Mean ± std (%)

a. Image processing

Small DNN w/o image processing

64.65 ± 1.09

86.02 ± 0.51

Small DNN + image processing

68.89 ± 0.69

88.03 ± 0.69

b. Network pre-train

Small DNN w/o pre-train

46.51 ± 0.90

75.38 ± 1.48

Small DNN + pre-train

68.89 ± 0.69

88.03 ± 0.69

c. Network transfer

Large DNN

70.61 ± 1.00

88.97 ± 0.41

Small DNN

68.89 ± 0.69

88.03 ± 0.69

Small DNN + transfer

70.97 ± 0.50

88.72 ± 0.79

Small DNN w/o pre-train + transfer

55.55 ± 3.22

79.25 ± 2.11

d. Network cut

Small DNN + transfer

70.97 ± 0.50

88.72 ± 0.79

Small DNN + cut(\(\alpha =0.5\), \(\lambda =0\))

67.62 ± 0.84

85.69 ± 0.85

Small DNN + cut (\(\alpha =0.5\), \(\lambda =1\))

69.44 ± 1.10

87.66 ± 0.73

Small DNN + transfer + cut (\(\alpha =0.5\), \(\lambda =0\))

68.01 ± 0.47

85.88 ± 0.54

Small DNN + transfer + cut (\(\alpha =0.5\), \(\lambda =1\))

69.98 ± 1.09

87.71 ± 0.73

e. Network structure

Small DNN + transfer + cut (\(\alpha =0.5\), \(\lambda =1\))

69.98 ± 1.09

87.71 ± 0.73

New small DNN

62.66 ± 1.19

84.91 ± 1.06

New small DNN + transfer (\(\lambda =1\))

66.68 ± 1.21

86.44 ± 0.78