Figure 3

Population dynamics of Majorana zero modes in the presence of strong laser pulse. Population dynamics during the laser pulse for (a) doubly degenerate Majorana zero-energy modes (MZM1 and MZM2 in the legend) in the BdG spectrum on the topological side at \(\mu /t_0 = 1.8\) and (b) the corresponding non-zero non-degenerate modes (which we have still called “MZM1” and “MZM2” to avoid extra notation) on the trivial side at \(\mu /t_0 = 2.2\) with OBC. The population dynamics (c) and (d) are same as (a) and (b), respectively with PBC where none of the modes are at zero energy due to the absence of MZMs.