Table 4 Correlations between the cytokine concentrations and ocular surface status during short-term exposure.

From: The effects of short-term and long-term air pollution exposure on meibomian gland dysfunction

 

IL-1β

IL-6

IL-8

VEGF

Lid margin hyperemia

r

0.128

0.194**

0.197**

0.046

P

0.069

0.005

0.005

0.512

Lid margin debris

r

0.148*

0.274**

0.264**

0.237**

P

0.033

0.000

0.000

0.000

Lid margin edema

r

0.047

0.079

0.081

− 0.013

P

0.496

0.259

0.243

0.847

Lid margin irregularity

r

− 0.079

− 0.108

− 0.001

− 0.063

P

0.259

0.121

0.986

0.363

Lid margin vascularization

r

0.061

− 0.034

− 0.042

− 0.055

P

0.378

0.623

0.548

0.429

Meibomian gland plugging

r

0.055

0.005

0.048

0.024

P

0.431

0.945

0.487

0.730

Meibomian gland stenosis

r

− 0.018

0.089

0.071

0.044

P

0.794

0.206

0.317

0.536

Meibomian gland expression

r

0.208**

0.255**

0.294**

0.129

P

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.062

Meibomian gland secretion

r

0.078

0.271**

0.282**

0.108

P

0.263

0.000

0.000

0.120

Meibomian gland loss

r

0.079

0.203**

0.266**

0.059

P

0.270

0.000

0.000

0.410

Conjunctivochalasis

r

0.151**

0.312**

0.288**

0.053

P

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.445

OSDI

r

0.283*

0.045

0.014

− 0.010

P

0.028

0.518

0.838

0.891

TMH

r

0.090

− 0.002

0.055

0.063

P

0.196

0.978

0.428

0.365

ST

r

0.056

− 0.185*

− 0.126

− 0.057

P

0.477

0.018

0.107

0.470

TBUT

r

0.013

− 0.323*

− 0.039

− 0.076

P

0.850

0.038

0.580

0.273

CFS

r

0.099

0.307**

0.245**

0.323*

P

0.155

0.000

0.000

0.028

  1. OSDI ocular surface disease index, TMH tear meniscus height, ST Schirmer’s I test, TBUT tear film break-up time, CFS corneal fluorescein staining, IL-1β interleukin 1 beta, IL-6 interleukin 6, IL-8 interleukin 8, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor.
  2. *P < 0.05, two-tail, **P < 0.01, two-tail for Spearman correlation analysis.