Table 1 Baseline characteristics.

From: The use of renin angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitors may be associated with decreased mortality after cancer surgery

 

Entire population

Propensity-score matched population

No RAAS inhibitor

RAAS inhibitor

p-value

ASD

No RAAS inhibitor

RAAS inhibitor

ASD

(n = 8374)

(n = 11,391)

(n = 5022)

(n = 5022)

Median follow-up period from discharge, days

1020 (415–1818)

929 (390–1800)

     

ARBa

 

10,974 (96.3)

   

4889 (97.4)

 

ACEia

 

442 (3.9)

   

138 (2.7)

 

Preoperative medication

RAAS inhibitor

485 (5.8)

6854 (60.2)

 < 0.001

141.8

485 (9.7)

485 (9.7)

 < 0.1

ARB

391 (4.7)

6545 (57.5)

 < 0.001

138.9

391 (7.8)

462 (9.2)

5.1

ACEi

97 (1.2)

360 (3.2)

 < 0.001

13.8

97 (1.9)

29 (0.6)

12.2

Age, years

64.1 (± 10.5)

63.8 (± 9.9)

0.08

2.5

63.6 (± 10.8)

63.3 (± 9.8)

3.4

Male

4742 (56.6)

6742 (59.2)

 < 0.001

5.2

2986 (59.5)

3047 (60.7)

2.5

Current smoking

3257 (38.9)

4455 (39.1)

0.77

0.4

2045 (40.7)

2033 (40.5)

0.5

Diabetes

2638 (31.5)

4757 (41.8)

 < 0.001

21.4

1978 (39.4)

2195 (43.7)

8.8

Preoperative metastasis

300 (3.6)

333 (2.9)

0.01

3.7

156 (3.1)

144 (2.9)

1.4

Coronary artery disease

765 (9.1)

1061 (9.3)

0.69

0.6

492 (9.8)

355 (7.1)

9.8

Heart failure

33 (0.4)

72 (0.6)

0.03

3.3

16 (0.3)

10 (0.2)

2.4

Stroke

413 (4.9)

643 (5.6)

0.03

3.2

229 (4.6)

248 (4.9)

1.8

Deep vein thrombosis

26 (0.3)

19 (0.2)

0.05

2.9

13 (0.3)

6 (0.1)

3.2

Peripheral arterial occlusive disease

26 (0.3)

36 (0.3)

1.00

0.1

18 (0.4)

13 (0.3)

1.8

Chronic kidney disease

221 (2.6)

309 (2.7)

0.79

0.5

158 (3.1)

115 (2.3)

5.3

Chronic lung disease

417 (5.0)

487 (4.3)

0.02

3.4

247 (4.9)

196 (3.9)

4.9

Dementia

22 (0.3)

31 (0.3)

1.00

0.2

13 (0.3)

11 (0.2)

0.8

Chronic liver disease

507 (6.1)

645 (5.7)

0.26

1.7

292 (5.8)

252 (5.0)

3.5

Preoperative anemia

2170 (25.9)

3198 (28.1)

0.001

4.9

1314 (26.2)

1355 (27.0)

1.8

Preoperative care

Chemotherapy

427 (5.1)

406 (3.6)

 < 0.001

7.5

213 (4.2)

181 (3.6)

3.3

Radiation therapy

326 (3.9)

301 (2.6)

 < 0.001

7.0

169 (3.4)

136 (2.7)

3.8

Hormone therapy

22 (0.3)

26 (0.2)

0.73

0.7

14 (0.3)

14 (0.3)

 < 0.1

Intensive care unit

20 (0.2)

24 (0.2)

0.79

0.6

13 (0.3)

12 (0.2)

0.4

Continuous renal replacement therapy

1.0 (0.0)

0.0 (0.0)

0.88

1.5

1.0 (0.0)

0.0 (0.0)

2.0

Operative variables

Operation duration, minutes

183.6 (± 97.3)

178.1 (± 94.1)

 < 0.001

5.8

177.9 (± 93.8)

175.5 (± 92.0)

2.5

General anesthesia

8349 (99.7)

11,356 (99.7)

1.00

0.2

5011 (99.8)

5009 (99.7)

0.8

Total intravenous anesthesia

1365 (16.3)

1839 (16.1)

0.78

0.4

819 (16.3)

752 (15.0)

3.7

RBC transfusion

1805 (21.6)

2558 (22.5)

0.14

2.2

1075 (21.4)

1170 (23.3)

4.5

Continuous infusion of inotropes

6435 (76.8)

8538 (75.0)

0.002

4.4

3669 (73.1)

3451 (68.7)

9.6

  1. Data are presented as n (%) or mean (± standard deviation). ASD less than 0.1 was deemed to suggest a successful balance between the two groups.
  2. RAAS renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, ARB angiotensin II receptor blockers, ACEi angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, ASD absolute standardized mean difference, RBC red blood cell.
  3. aThese variables were not retained in the propensity-score matching.
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