Table 3 Generalized linear mixed-effect model (GLMM) with ‘sea-bottom’ as explanatory variable on PC1, PC2 and PC3.

From: Determinants of variability in signature whistles of the Mediterranean common bottlenose dolphin

PC1

Fixed effect

Value

SE

DF

t-value

p-value

Intercept

0.2250

0.2045

1860

1.1005

0.2713

H2

− 0.3503

0.2461

164

− 1.4236

0.1565

H3

0.2182

0.4595

164

0.4748

0.6356

Random effects

SD (Intercept)

Residual

   

SW-ID (Intercept)

1.3876

0.7412

   

PC2

Fixed effect

Value

SE

DF

t-value

p-value

Intercept

0.6181

0.1541

1860

4.0101

0.0001

H2

− 1.0247

0.1855

164

− 5.5244

< 0.0001

H3

− 2.2093

0.3472

164

− 6.3635

< 0.0001

Random effects

SD (Intercept)

Residual

   

SW-ID (Intercept)

1.1489

0.6804

   

PC3

Fixed effect

Value

SE

DF

t-value

p-value

Intercept

0.8278

0.1573

1860

5.2639

< 0.0001

H2

− 0.9977

0.1893

164

− 5.2716

< 0.0001

H3

− 0.2914

0.3535

164

− 0.8243

0.4110

Random effects

SD (Intercept)

Residual

   

SW-ID (Intercept)

1.0657

0.5893

   
  1. The upper section shows the significant effects of the assessed explanatory variables. Value, standard errors (SE), t-values, and significance level (p-value) for variables retained in the model are provided for fixed effects (explanatory variables), while estimates of the standard deviations (SD) are reported for random effects (SW-ID). Significant level in bold.
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