Figure 1
From: Tracing the structural evolution of quasi-freestanding germanene on Ag(111)

Reconstructed clean Ag(111) substrate. (a) High-resolution XPS spectra of the Ag 3d signal of the Ag(111) sample, recorded at a photon energy of \(\mathrm {h}\nu = {480}\,\hbox {eV}\) and under emission angles of \(\Theta ={0}^{\circ }\) (top) and \(\Theta ={60}^{\circ }\) (bottom). (b) The corresponding LEED pattern was obtained with \(E_\mathrm {kin} = {50}\,\hbox {eV}\), and (c) the high-resolution VB spectra at \(\mathrm {h}\nu = {52.5}\,\hbox {eV}\) under normal emission.