Figure 1

Average sample risk quotient by sample type. Risk quotient (RQ) was calculated with contact (purple) and oral (pink) LD₅₀ values. Toxicity data for Apis mellifera and Bombus terrestris were used depending on the sample type. Individual sample RQs are represented by the dots. Horizontal black lines are the mean, and the error bars represent standard error of the mean. RQ is displayed in relation to the EPA and EFSA levels of concern (proportion of the LD50). The green dashed line is the EFSA level of concern for chronic exposure (relevant for oral toxicity). The blue dashed line is the EFSA level of concern for acute exposure, and the red dashed line is the EPA level of concern for acute exposure. Graph created in GraphPad Prism 9⁴⁸.