Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients.
Entire axSpA population (n = 295) | axSpA without CV event (n = 272) | axSpA with CV event (n = 23) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Male (%) | 65.4 | 65.4 | 65.2 | 0.98 |
Age (years) | 47 (40–56) | 46 (39–55.5) | 58 (52–66) | < 0.0001 |
Diagnostic delay, months, median (25th-75th Pctl) | 24.4 (2–85.2) | 24.4 (4.1–85.2) | 6.1 (0–62.8) | 0.06 |
CVD family history (%) | 21 | 19 | 38.1 | 0.042 |
Smokers (%) | 31.4 | 32.8 | 13.6 | 0.14 |
Atrial fibrillation (%) | 1.4 | 1.1 | 31.3 | 0.2 |
Diabetes (%) | 6.4 | 5.5 | 17.4 | 0.026 |
Stage 3–5 of chronic kidney disease (%) | 1.4 | 1.1 | 4.4 | 0.2 |
Migraine (%) | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13 | 0.98 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dl), median (25th–75th Pctl) | 189 (168–212) | 187 (166–212) | 193 (170–211) | 0.49 |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dl), median (25th–75th Pctl) | 53 (45–63) | 53 (45–62.5) | 58 (42.5–70.5) | 0.36 |
LDL cholesterol (mg/dl), median (25th–75th Pctl) | 110 (92–130) | 110.5 (92–130) | 107 (90.5–128.5) | 0.79 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg), median (25th–75th Pctl) | 120 (120–130) | 120 (120–130) | 125 (120–140) | 0.13 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), median (25th–75th Pctl) | 80 (80–85) | 80 (80–85) | 82.5 (80–87.5) | 0.049 |
Antihypertensive treatment (%) | 25.4 | 22.4 | 60.9 | < 0.0001 |
BMI, median (25th–75th Pctl) | 25.7 (23.4–30.9) | 25.6 (23.2–30.5) | 28.3 (24.8–37.3) | 0.67 |
Treatment with acetyl-salicylic acid (%) | 6.5 | 3.7 | 39.1 | < 0.0001 |
Treatment with statins (%) | 6.8 | 5.5 | 21.7 | 0.003 |
Radiographic evidence of sacroiliitis (%) | 58.7 | 58.9 | 57.1 | 0.9 |
Radiographic evidence of syndesmophytes precence (%) | 35.2 | 35.6 | 42.9 | 0.4 |
MRI evidence of sacroiliitis (%) | 70.7 | 72 | 57.1 | 0.2 |
MRI evidence of spine inflammation (%) | 17.5 | 17.8 | 14.3 | 0.7 |
AS in according to New York criteria (%) | 72.3 | 71.4 | 82.6 | 0.3 |
CRP (mg/l), median (25th–75th Pctl) | 3.04 (1–6.09) | 3 (1–5.09) | 7.6 (5.04–13) | < 0.0001 |
ESR (mm/h), median (25th–75th Pctl) | 14 (6–29) | 13 (6–28) | 24 (10–40) | 0.06 |
BASDAI, median (25th–75th Pctl) | 4.04 (2.1–6) | 4 (2–6) | 5.9 (4–6.8) | 0.01 |
ASDAS, median (25th–75th Pctl) | 2.1 (1.3–3) | 2.1 (1.1–3) | 3.2 (3–3.7) | 0.0004 |
History of peripheral disease (%) | 53.6 | 52.6 | 65.2 | 0.2 |
History of enthesitis (%) | 19.7 | 18.4 | 36.4 | 0.04 |
History of dactylitis (%) | 7.8 | 7.7 | 8.7 | 0.9 |
History of IBD (%) | 74.2/25.8 | 73.4/26.6 | 82.6/17.4 | 0.3 |
History of uveitis (%) | 83.3/16.7 | 84.1/15.9 | 73.9/26.1 | 0.2 |
Infliximab treatment (%) | 20.2 | 20.8 | 14.3 | 0.5 |
Adalimumab treatment (%) | 31.1 | 30.6 | 36.4 | 0.6 |
Etanercept treatment (%) | 22.4 | 22.2 | 25 | 0.8 |
Golimumab treatment (%) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 1 |
Certolizumab pegol treatment (%) | 1.7 | 98.2/1.4 | 100/0 | 0.5 |
Secukinumab treatment (%) | 10.1 | 10.6 | 5 | 0.4 |
Salazopyrin treatment (%) | 18.1 | 18.1 | 18.2 | 0.9 |
NSAIDs continous use/on demand (%) | 32.7/17.1 | 34/17.8 | 18.2/9.1 | 0.09 |
