Table 2 NLO 3rd order susceptibility χ(3) of various carotenoids and natural extracts published in the last decade.
From: On the remarkable nonlinear optical properties of natural tomato lycopene
Pigment nature | Laser excitation (nm) | Absorption peak (nm) | Measurement Technique | χ(3)) (10–6 esu) | Relative enhancement (χ(3)Lyc − χ(3)Pigm)/χ(3)Lyc | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beta- Carotene | 532 1064 | 400–500 | DFWM THG | 0.87 | 67% | |
Violaxanthin | 532 1064 | 400–500 | DFWM THG | 0.27 | 89.8% | |
Xanthophyll | 532 1064 | 400–500 | DFWM THG | 0.19 | 93% | |
Chlorophyll | 532 1064 | 400–500 | DFWM THG | 0.19 | 93% | |
Anthocyanin extracted from blueberry | 635 | 629 | Z-scan | 0.528 | 80% | |
Anthraquinone dye (Acid green 25. Color Index: 61,570) | 635 | 638 | Z-scan | 0.311 | 88% | |
Hisbiscus Rosa dye | 532 | 347–515 | Z-scan | 0.577 | 78% | |
Bixa dye | 532 | 494–500 | Z-scan | 0.577 | 78% | |
Chlorophyll-a Coriandrum Sativum | 635 | 674 | Z-scan | 0.135 | 94% | |
Chlorophyll-a extracted from Andrographis paniculata | 635 | 672 | Z-scan | 1.53 | 42% | |
β-carotenoid extracted from pyllanthus niruri | 635 | 200–400 | Z-scan | 0.676 | 74% | |
Lycopene | 650 | 483 | Z-scan | 2.65 | Current study | Current |
