Table 3 Multivariable-adjusted pairwise comparisons of each IVI domain between early stage eye diseases.

From: Different impact of early and late stages irreversible eye diseases on vision-specific quality of life domains

Reference group

Beta coefficient# (95% CI), P value

Early MMD

Non-VTDR

Early AMD

Early Glaucoma

Emotional

None

− 0.36 (− 0.61 to − 0.12)

P = 0.003

− 0.08 (− 0.34 to 0.18)

P = 0.551

− 0.23 (− 0.43 to − 0.03)

P = 0.024

− 0.46 (− 0.88 to − 0.04)

P = 0.031

Early MMD

 

0.28 (− 0.07 to 0.63)

P = 0.114

0.14 (− 0.17 to 0.44)

P = 0.379

− 0.10 (− 0.57 to 0.38)

P = 0.693

Non-VTDR

  

− 0.15 (− 0.47 to 0.17)

P = 0.361

− 0.38 (− 0.87 to 0.11)

P = 0.127

Early AMD

   

− 0.23 (− 0.69 to 0.22)

P = 0.319

Mobility

None

0.07 (− 0.12 to 0.25)

P = 0.464

− 0.19 (− 0.39 to 0.01)

P = 0.059

− 0.04 (− 0.19 to 0.11)

P = 0.627

− 0.18 (− 0.50 to 0.14)

P = 0.261

Early MMD

 

− 0.26 (− 0.53 to 0.00)

P = 0.054

− 0.11 (− 0.34 to 0.12)

P = 0.363

− 0.25 (− 0.61 to 0.11)

P = 0.174

Non-VTDR

  

0.16 (− 0.09 to 0.40)

P = 0.207

0.01 (− 0.36 to 0.38)

P = 0.953

Early AMD

   

− 0.14 (− 0.49 to 0.20)

P = 0.412

Reading

None

− 0.04 (− 0.24 to 0.17)

P = 0.737

− 0.06 (− 0.29 to 0.16)

P = 0.579

− 0.03 (− 0.20 to 0.14)

P = 0.731

− 0.01 (− 0.37 to 0.34)

P = 0.935

Early MMD

 

− 0.03 (− 0.33 to 0.27)

P = 0.853

0.01 (− 0.25 to 0.26)

P = 0.965

0.02 (− 0.38 to 0.43)

P = 0.920

Non-VTDR

  

0.03 (− 0.24 to 0.30)

P = 0.805

0.05 (− 0.37 to 0.46)

P = 0.817

Early AMD

   

0.01 (− 0.37 to 0.40)

P = 0.940

  1. Adjusted for age, gender, race, education, income, housing, BMI, smoking, alcohol, any systemic disease & PVI better eye.
  2. Systemic diseases include diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, CVD & CKD.
  3. Significant values are in [bold].
  4. BMI body mass index, CVD cardiovascular disease, CKD chronic kidney disease, PVI presenting visual impairment, VTDR vision threatening diabetic retinopathy, AMD age related macular degeneration, MMD myopic macular degeneration.
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