Table 1 Description of variables used in the study.
From: Geographic and socioeconomic inequalities in the survival of children under-five in Nigeria
Dependent variable | Variable description |
|---|---|
Under-five mortality (event) | 1 = if the child died, 0 otherwise |
Age of child (in months) | |
< 1 month (neonatal) | The child died before one month |
1–11 months (post-neonatal) | The child died between 1–11 months |
12–59 months (childhood) | The child died between 12 to 59 months |
Independent variables | |
Demographic variables | |
Child’s gender | |
Male | 1 = if the child is a male, 0 if a child is a female |
Mother’s age (at first birth) | |
≤ 19 | 1 = if the mother’s age at first birth is ≤ 19, 0 otherwise |
20–39 | 1 = if the mother’s age at first birth is between 20 and 39, 0 otherwise |
≥ 40 | 1 = if the mother’s age at first birth is ≥ 40, 0 otherwise |
Ethnic origin | |
Hausa/Fulani/Kanuri | 1 = if the maternal ethnic origin is Hausa/Fulani/Kanuri, 0 otherwise |
Igbo | 1 = if the maternal ethnic origin is Igbo, 0 otherwise |
Yoruba | 1 = if the maternal ethnic origin is Yoruba, 0 otherwise |
Others | 1 = if the maternal ethnic origin is not Hausa, Igbo or Yoruba, 0 otherwise |
Religion | |
Christian | 1 = if the mother is a Christian, 0 otherwise |
Muslim | 1 = if the mother is a Muslim and others, 0 otherwise |
Socioeconomic variables | |
Maternal education | |
No formal education | 1 = if the mother has no formal education, 0 otherwise |
Primary education | 1 = if the mother has a primary education, 0 otherwise |
Secondary education | 1 = if the mother has a secondary education, 0 otherwise |
Higher education | 1 = if the mother has higher education, 0 otherwise |
Paternal education | |
No formal education | 1 = if the father has no formal education, 0 otherwise |
Primary education | 1 = if the father has a primary education, 0 otherwise |
Secondary education | 1 = if the father has a secondary education, 0 otherwise |
Higher education | 1 = if the father has higher education, 0 otherwise |
Wealth index (household) | |
Poorest (1) | 1 = if the mother is in poorest quintile, 0 otherwise |
Poorer (2) | 1 = if the mother is in poorer quintile, 0 otherwise |
Middle (3) | 1 = if the mother is in middle quintile, 0 otherwise |
Richer (4) | 1 = if the mother is in richer quintile, 0 otherwise |
Richest (5) | 1 = if the mother is in richest quintile, 0 otherwise |
Geographic and geopolitical variables | |
Place of residence | |
Urban residence | 1 = if the mother lives in an urban area, 0 otherwise |
Geopolitical zone | |
North Central | 1 = if the mother is from North Central, 0 otherwise |
North East | 1 = if the mother is from North East, 0 otherwise |
North West | 1 = if the mother is from North West, 0 otherwise |
South East | 1 = if the mother is from South East, 0 otherwise |
South South | 1 = if the mother is from South South, 0 otherwise |
South West | 1 = if the mother is from South West, 0 otherwise |
