Table 3 Relative frequencies, medians and interquartile range (IQR) of the most abundant bacterial phyla (bold) and genera (italics) detected in the AS of bees collected in autumn and spring.

From: Effect of Nosema ceranae infection and season on the gut bacteriome composition of the European honeybee (Apis mellifera)

Phylum/Genera

Autumn

Spring

p-value†

n (%)*

Median (IQR)

n (%)*

Median (IQR)

Proteobacteria

87 (100%)

75.84 (64.78–85.17)

71 (100%)

83.7 (75.23–92.37)

 < 0.001

Snodgrassella

87 (100%)

23.68 (10.13–39.85)

71 (100%)

35.32 (20.31–49.68)

0.004

Gilliamella

87 (100%)

18.51 (11.82–29.19)

71 (100%)

22.49 (15.41–33.94)

0.076

Frischella

86 (99%)

7.13 (0.63–13.72)

62 (87%)

4.29 (0.18–12.29)

0.100

Pseudomonas

49 (56%)

0.01 (< 0.01–0.07)

23 (32%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–0.04)

0.040

Bartonella

26 (30%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–0.03)

15 (21%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

0.130

Commensalibacter

40 (46%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–0.05)

13 (18%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

 < 0.001

Bombella

73 (84%)

0.08 (0.02–0.33)

27 (38%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–0.05)

 < 0.001

Enterobacter

21 (24%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

7 (10%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

0.025

Pantoea

19 (22%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

12 (17%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

0.600

Lonsdalea

37 (43%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–0.06)

0 (0%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

 < 0.001

Morganella

7 (8%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

20 (28%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–0.03)

 < 0.001

Firmicutes

87 (100%)

17.11 (10.46–25.25)

71 (100%)

13.4 (6.02–21.87)

0.044

Lactobacillus

87 (100%)

16.05 (10.36–24.70)

71 (100%)

12.24 (5.91–20.2)

0.054

Fructobacillus

21 (24%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

24 (34%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–0.03)

0.100

Leuconostoc

28 (32%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–0.02)

2 (3%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

 < 0.001

Spiroplasma

1 (1.15%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

1 (1%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

0.890

Actinobacteriota

86 (99%)

4.38 (1.88–7.30)

66 (93%)

0.93 (0.31–1.9)

 < 0.001

Bifidobacterium

85 (98%)

4.38 (1.84–7.30)

64 (90.14%)

0.87 (0.31–1.89)

 < 0.001

Bacteroidota

74 (85%)

0.06 (0.01–0.65)

43 (60%)

0.01 (< 0.01–0.06)

 < 0.001

Dysgonomonas

21 (24%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

5 (7.04%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

0.005

Apibacter

27 (31%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–0.04)

10 (14.08%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

0.014

Acidobacteriota

22 (25%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

4 (6%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

 < 0.001

Minor_phyla

31 (36%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–< 0.01)

24 (34%)

 < 0.01 (< 0.01–0.01)

0.980

Minor_genera

74 (85%)

0.15 (0.01–0.55)

69 (97%)

0.14 (0.05–0.28)

0.440

Unclassified_genera

87 (100%)

2.12 (0.62–8.70)

71 (100%)

2.36 (0.24–7.48)

0.850

  1. *Number of samples in which the phylum/genus was detected (relative frequency of detection).
  2. †Wilcoxon rank sum test with Bonferroni correction.
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