Table 6 The cost and benefit analysis of different treatments (RMB ha⁻¹).

Treatment	Cost structure								Total cost	Output	Net benefits	Relative to CK (%)	Relative to FP (%)
Treatment	Land preparing	Seed	Fertilizer	Irrigation	Topdressing	Thinning	Chemical control	Harvest	Total cost	Output	Net benefits	Relative to CK (%)	Relative to FP (%)
CK	1800	825	0	1800	0	900	675	1500	7500	25,250	17,750	–	–
FP	1800	825	3600	1800	150	900	675	1500	11,250	25,500	14,250	− 19.7	–
CF	1800	825	2175	1800	0	900	675	1500	9675	27,500	17,825	0.4	25.1
IF	1800	825	1395	1800	0	900	675	1500	8895	30,000	21,105	18.9	48.1
IF + UI	1800	825	1470	1800	0	900	675	1500	8970	28,500	18,530	10.0	37.1
IF + DI	1800	825	1485	1800	0	900	675	1500	8985	28,500	19,515	9.9	36.9
IF + MI	1800	825	1530	1800	0	900	675	1500	9030	28,250	19,220	8.3	34.9
IF + TE	1800	825	1500	1800	0	900	675	1500	9000	30,250	21,250	19.7	49.1

CK unfertilized control, FP farmer practice, CF conventional fertilization, IF innovative fertilizer, IF + UI innovative fertilizer and urea inhibitors additives, IF + DI innovative fertilizer and double inhibitors additives, IF + MI innovative fertilizer and micro-organisms additives, and innovative fertilizer and micro-organisms trace elements additives (IF + TE). Total Cost = Land Preparation and Sowing + Seed + Fertilizer + Irrigation + Top Dressing + Thinning + Chemical Control + Harvest; Output = Yield (kg ha^-1) X 2.5 RMB; Net Benefits = Output-Total Cost.

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