Figure 3
From: Direct observations of pure electron outflow in magnetic reconnection
Velocity difference with and without applied magnetic field. We define \(\Delta v_{e,i}\equiv v_{e,i}^\mathrm {B}-v_{e,i}^\mathrm {noB}\), where \(v_{e,i}^\mathrm {B}\) is the velocity with the applied magnetic field and \(v_{e,i}^\mathrm {noB}\) is without for electrons and ions, respectively. The blue and red markers are \(\Delta v_{e,i}\) for electron and ion, respectively. The marked spatial change of \(\Delta v_e\) is consistent with the electron outflow resulting from electron-scale magnetic reconnection as shown in the inset.
