Table 2 Top 10 upregulated and down regulated proteins in low-fertility bulls.
Sr. no. | Uniprot ID | Gene | Gene description | Log2 (fold change) | Reported function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Top ten upregulated proteins | |||||
1. | Q3T168 | CACYBP | Calcyclin-binding protein | 2.38 | Ubiquitin protein ligase binding |
2. | C0LZJ1 | DMRT1 | Doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor 1 | 2.4 | Germ cell development; male germ cell proliferation; male sex determination; male sex differentiation, Sertoli cell differentiation; sex differentiation |
3. | P80227 | APEH | Acylamino-acid-releasing enzyme | 2.42 | Serine-type endopeptidase activity |
4. | Q2KHT6 | FBXO32 | F-box only protein 32 | 2.53 | Protein ubiquitination |
5. | O19131 | TNFRSF1A | Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A | 2.55 | Apoptotic process; cell surface receptor signaling pathway; cytokine-mediated signaling pathway; defense response; prostaglandin metabolic process |
6. | P21214 | TGFB2 | Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein | 2.59 | Activation of protein kinase activity; BMP signaling pathway; negative regulation of alkaline phosphatase activity; negative regulation of cell growth; type III transforming growth factor beta receptor binding; type II transforming growth factor beta receptor binding |
7. | Q0VCA8 | HAAO | 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase | 2.7 | Ferrous iron binding |
8. | A5PJZ1 | SLC25A24 | Calcium-binding mitochondrial carrier protein SCaMC-1 | 2.84 | Cellular response to calcium ion; cellular response to oxidative stress; mitochondrial transport; regulation of cell death |
9. | Q3T0I4 | ALYREF | THO complex subunit 4 | 3.21 | mRNA processing; mRNA transport; RNA export from nucleus; RNA splicing |
10. | Q3ZC33 | GULO | l-gulonolactone oxidase | 5.8 | l-ascorbic acid biosynthetic process |
Top ten downregulated proteins | |||||
1. | Q3T144 | TMEM106C | Transmembrane protein 106C |  − 3.93 | Integral component of Endoplasmic reticulum, facilitates sperm motility |
2. | O18883 | TXNDC9 | Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 9 |  − 3.35 | Microtubule organization, protection against oxidative stress |
3. | Q08DX7 | SPNS1 | Protein spinster homolog 1 |  − 3.17 | Transmembrane transporter activity |
4. | Q3SZ84 | BOLA3 | BolA-like protein 3 |  − 3.07 | Mitochondrial function |
5. | P61284 | RPL12 | 60S ribosomal protein L12 |  − 2.9 | Structural constituent of ribosome |
6. | Q2NL16 | FBXO28 | F-box only protein 28 |  − 2.88 | Protein polyubiquitination |
7. | O97552 | POU5F1 | POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1 |  − 2.55 | DNA binding; DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific, Blastocyst formation |
8. | Q5BIS9 | PRKAB1 | 5ʹ-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1 |  − 2.51 | Protein kinase activity; protein kinase binding |
9. | Q5EA49 | MIS12 | Protein MIS12 homolog |  − 2.49 | Attachment of mitotic spindle microtubules to kinetochore; cell division; |
10. | Q9TS87 | TAGLN | Transgelin |  − 2.34 | Actin filament binding |
