Table 3 Comparison of proposed MMA with relevant works for SAR reduction.
Ref. | Publication year | Design of metamaterial patch | Material and thickness of substrate | Dimension of MMA | Type of Antenna used | Verified by proper equivalent circuit | Metamaterial property with absorption at 3.5 GHz (For n78 devices) | Novelty |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2021 |
| FR4 1.574 mm | 5 × 5 \({\mathrm{mm}}^{2}\) | Dipole-inspired patch antenna | No | No | Metamaterial antenna for 4G, 5G, and NB-IoT applications | |
2021 |
| FR4 1.574 mm | 5 × 5 \({\mathrm{mm}}^{2}\) | Folded dipole antenna | No | No | Metamaterial antenna for 4G and 5G applications | |
2021 |
| FR4 1.6 mm | 14 × 14 \({\mathrm{mm}}^{2}\) | No specific antenna was proposed | No | No | Random absorptions at L, S, and C Bands | |
This work | 2022 |
| FR4 1.6 mm | 9.8 × 9.8 \({\mathrm{mm}}^{2}\) | Planer sleeve monopole antenna | Yes | Yes | Metamaterial absorber designed solely at 3.5 GHz for SAR reduction (from n78 devices) |
