Table 5 Analysis of variance of application of plasma, pyroligneous acid, azolla compost and biochar on yield, protein and starch content of wheat in the field.

From: Eco-friendly approach to improve traits of winter wheat by combining cold plasma treatments and carbonization of subtropical biomass waste

Source

df

Mean square

Grain yield

Grain starch

Grain protein

Y

1

497,297.05**

10,364.44**

40.08**

R(Y)

4

62,637.13*

1481.12*

1.57

T

7

521,938

2183.41**

2.17**

T*Y

7

341,475.58**

770.88

2.81**

Error

27

6483.66

564.01

0.81

C.V. (%)

 

13.95

14.81

7.98

  1. * and ** Significant at 5% and 1% probability levels, respectively. Y, year; R(Y), replication year; T, treatments; T*Y, interaction between treatments and years; df, degree of freedom; C.V., coefficient of variation.
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